Markowitz L E, Orenstein W A
Division of Immunization, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1990 Jun;37(3):603-25. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36907-3.
Measles vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines currently available. Use of the vaccine has decreased the incidence of measles in both developed and developing countries. Nevertheless, preventable morbidity and mortality continue to occur. In the United States, the measles problem differs when it occurs among preschool-aged children or school-aged children. The former is a due to insufficient vaccine delivery. For measles in school-aged and college students, the problem is primarily vaccine failure, which should eventually be solved by a two-dose schedule. In developing countries, the major problem is vaccine delivery. Use of Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine in developing countries offers the promise of reducing disease rates in young infants; however, in both the United States and in developing countries, increasing immunization levels is essential.
麻疹疫苗是目前可用的最安全、最有效的疫苗之一。该疫苗的使用已降低了发达国家和发展中国家的麻疹发病率。然而，可预防的发病和死亡仍在继续发生。在美国，学龄前儿童和学龄儿童中的麻疹问题有所不同。前者是由于疫苗接种不足。对于学龄儿童和大学生中的麻疹，问题主要是疫苗接种失败，最终应通过两剂接种方案来解决。在发展中国家，主要问题是疫苗接种。在发展中国家使用埃德蒙斯顿- Zagreb麻疹疫苗有望降低幼儿的发病率；然而，在美国和发展中国家，提高免疫接种水平都是至关重要的。
