Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2012 Sep;27(5):525-32. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0b013e328356db00.
Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of avoidable deaths worldwide, and half of these deaths are due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physicians specialized in the management of CVD play a key role in ensuring that all smokers with cardiovascular disorders are offered best evidence support to help them quit smoking. This review summarizes recent findings on smoking as a risk factor for CVD, effects of smoking cessation on the prognosis of CVD patients, interactions between drug treatment for CVD and smoking, effective interventions to promote quitting in CVD patients and policy issues regarding tobacco control.
Smoking cessation following an acute cardiovascular event yields a substantial reduction in morbidity and mortality. Recent declines in CVD mortality were mainly a result of risk factor modification rather than improvement of medical treatments for CVD. The latter are also less effective in smokers than in nonsmokers, and smokers are at high risk of medication nonadherence. Effective interventions to support quit attempts in smokers with CVD are available. Cardiovascular specialists should encourage policy-makers to take appropriate tobacco control action.
Cardiovascular specialists are in a unique position to promote cardiovascular health at the individual as well as at a population level.
吸烟是全球可避免死亡的主要原因，其中一半死亡归因于心血管疾病（CVD）。专门从事 CVD 管理的医生在确保为所有患有心血管疾病的吸烟者提供最佳循证支持以帮助他们戒烟方面发挥着关键作用。这篇综述总结了吸烟作为 CVD 风险因素的最新发现、戒烟对 CVD 患者预后的影响、CVD 药物治疗与吸烟之间的相互作用、促进 CVD 患者戒烟的有效干预措施以及与烟草控制相关的政策问题。
急性心血管事件后戒烟可显著降低发病率和死亡率。最近 CVD 死亡率的下降主要是由于危险因素的改变，而不是 CVD 治疗的改善。后一种治疗在吸烟者中的效果不如在非吸烟者中，吸烟者药物依从性风险较高。对有 CVD 的吸烟者进行戒烟尝试的有效干预措施已经存在。心血管专家应鼓励决策者采取适当的烟草控制行动。
心血管专家在个体和人群层面上促进心血管健康处于独特的地位。
