The Key Laboratory for Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
J Proteomics. 2012 Dec 21;77:59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
Differential expression of genes leads to variation in phenotypes of X and Y sperm, even though some differential gene products are shared through an intercellular bridge. Differentially expressed proteins between X and Y sperm sorted from semen of nine bulls were compared using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Overall, 663±12 and 647±22 protein spots were detected in X sperm and Y sperm, respectively, and 42 significant protein spots were differentially expressed between them (P<0.05). Sixteen of these protein spots were successfully identified by MS and tandem MS and were found to be closely relevant to energy metabolism, stress resistance, cytoskeletal structure and the activity of serine proteases. Expression levels of two of these proteins, CAPZB and UQCRC1, were verified by Western blot. We propose that these differentially expressed proteins may affect the phenotype of X and Y sperm, binding and fusion of sperm/oocyte and development of the zygotic embryo. Our preliminary results provide an overview of differential expression in total protein levels between X and Y spermatozoa. Identification of these altered proteins may provide a theoretical basis for understanding the biological differences between the two types of sperm.
差异表达的基因导致 X 和 Y 精子表型的变异，尽管一些差异基因产物通过细胞间桥共享。使用二维电泳（2-DE）结合质谱（MS）分析比较了来自 9 头公牛精液中分离的 X 和 Y 精子之间的差异表达蛋白。总体而言，在 X 精子和 Y 精子中分别检测到 663±12 和 647±22 个蛋白质斑点，其中 42 个蛋白质斑点在它们之间差异表达（P<0.05）。通过 MS 和串联 MS 成功鉴定了其中的 16 个蛋白质斑点，它们与能量代谢、应激抗性、细胞骨架结构和丝氨酸蛋白酶活性密切相关。通过 Western blot 验证了其中两种蛋白质 CAPZB 和 UQCRC1 的表达水平。我们提出，这些差异表达的蛋白质可能会影响 X 和 Y 精子的表型、精子/卵子的结合和融合以及胚胎的发育。我们的初步结果提供了 X 和 Y 精子总蛋白水平差异表达的概述。鉴定这些改变的蛋白质可能为理解两种精子之间的生物学差异提供理论基础。
