Centre de Recherche des Neurosciences de Lyon, Equipe Olfaction du Codage à la Mémoire, INSERM U 1028/CNRS 5292, Université de Lyon1, 50 Ave. Tony Garnier, 69366, Lyon, Cedex 07, France.
Chem Senses. 2012 Nov;37(9):769-97. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjs059. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Recently published work and emerging research efforts have suggested that the olfactory system is intimately linked with the endocrine systems that regulate or modify energy balance. Although much attention has been focused on the parallels between taste transduction and neuroendocrine controls of digestion due to the novel discovery of taste receptors and molecular components shared by the tongue and gut, the equivalent body of knowledge that has accumulated for the olfactory system, has largely been overlooked. During regular cycles of food intake or disorders of endocrine function, olfaction is modulated in response to changing levels of various molecules, such as ghrelin, orexins, neuropeptide Y, insulin, leptin, and cholecystokinin. In view of the worldwide health concern regarding the rising incidence of diabetes, obesity, and related metabolic disorders, we present a comprehensive review that addresses the current knowledge of hormonal modulation of olfactory perception and how disruption of hormonal signaling in the olfactory system can affect energy homeostasis.
最近发表的工作和新出现的研究成果表明，嗅觉系统与调节或改变能量平衡的内分泌系统密切相关。尽管由于舌和肠道中发现了味觉受体和分子成分的相似性，人们对味觉转导和消化的神经内分泌控制之间的相似性给予了极大的关注，但嗅觉系统积累的类似知识在很大程度上被忽视了。在正常的进食周期或内分泌功能紊乱期间，嗅觉会根据各种分子（如胃饥饿素、食欲素、神经肽 Y、胰岛素、瘦素和胆囊收缩素）水平的变化而发生变化。鉴于全球对糖尿病、肥胖症和相关代谢紊乱发病率上升的健康担忧，我们提出了一个全面的综述，介绍了激素对嗅觉感知的调节作用的最新知识，以及嗅觉系统中激素信号的中断如何影响能量平衡。
