Angrisani Rosanna Mariangela Giaffredo, Azevedo Marisa Frasson De, Carvallo Renata Mota Mamede, Diniz Edna Maria de Albuquerque, Matas Carla Gentile
Department of Physical Therapy, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Soc Bras Fonoaudiol. 2012;24(2):162-7. doi: 10.1590/s2179-64912012000200013.
To describe the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEP) results of full-term small-for-gestational-age newborns, comparing them to the results of full-term appropriate-for-gestational-age newborns, in order to verify whether the small-for-gestational-age condition is a risk indicator for retrocochlear hearing impairment.
This multicentric prospective cross-sectional study assessed 86 full-term newborns - 47 small- (Study Group) and 39 appropriate-for-gestational-age (Control Group - of both genders, with ages between 2 and 12 days. Newborns with presence of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and type A tympanometry were included in the study. Quantitative analysis was based on the mean and standard deviation of the absolute latencies of waves I, III and V and interpeak intervals I-III, III-V and I-V, for each group. For qualitative analysis, the BAEP results were classified as normal or altered by analyzing these data considering the age range of the newborn at the time of testing.
In the Study Group, nine of the 18 (38%) subjects with altered BAEP results had the condition of small-for-gestational-age as the only risk factor for hearing impairments. In the Control Group, seven (18%) had altered results. Female subjects from the Study Group tended to present more central alterations. In the Control Group, the male group tended to have more alterations.
Full-term children born small or appropriate for gestational age might present transitory or permanent central hearing impairments, regardless of the presence of risk indicators.
描述足月小于胎龄新生儿的脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）结果，并与足月适于胎龄新生儿的结果进行比较，以验证小于胎龄状况是否为蜗后听力损伤的风险指标。
这项多中心前瞻性横断面研究评估了86名足月新生儿——47名小于胎龄儿（研究组）和39名适于胎龄儿（对照组），男女不限，年龄在2至12天之间。研究纳入了存在瞬态诱发耳声发射且鼓室图为A型的新生儿。定量分析基于每组I、III和V波绝对潜伏期的均值和标准差以及峰间期I-III、III-V和I-V。定性分析方面，通过考虑测试时新生儿的年龄范围分析这些数据，将BAEP结果分为正常或异常。
在研究组中，18名BAEP结果异常的受试者中有9名（38%）将小于胎龄状况作为听力损伤的唯一风险因素。在对照组中，7名（18%）结果异常。研究组中的女性受试者往往出现更多中枢性异常。在对照组中，男性组往往有更多异常。
足月出生的小于胎龄或适于胎龄儿童可能存在暂时性或永久性中枢性听力损伤，无论是否存在风险指标。
