Angrisani Rosanna Mariangela Giaffredo, Azevedo Marisa Frasson de, Carvallo Renata Mota Mamede, Diniz Edna Maria de Albuquerque, Ferraro Alexandre Archanjo, Guinsburg Ruth, Matas Carla Gentile
Codas. 2013;25(1):22-8. doi: 10.1590/s2317-17822013000100005.
To characterize the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) of small for gestational age preterm newborns and to compare the findings to those of appropriate for gestational age premature newborns in order to verify whether the small for gestational age condition is a risk factor for hearing loss.
This prospective cross-sectional multicenter study evaluated 72 preterm newborns of both genders (35 small and 37 appropriate for gestational age), who were born at 30 to 36 weeks of gestational age and were evaluated before hospital discharge. Only newborns with present transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and tympanometry type A were included. The ABR was performed with click stimuli. The quantitative data analysis was performed using mean and standard deviation measures for each group. For qualitative analysis, the ABR results were classified as normal or altered according to the absolute latencies of waves I, III, V and interpeaks I-III, III-V, I-V. The analysis was carried out considering the age of the newborn at the time of examination.
Alterations were evident in 32 newborns (44.44%), being 15 small (43%) and 17 appropriate for gestational age (46%), with no between-groups difference. Of the 15 small for gestational age newborns with altered ABR, six presented as auditory risk only the small for gestational age condition. In the group of adequate for gestational age newborns, there was a higher occurrence of alteration in males.
There was no difference in responses of auditory evoked potential between small and appropriate for gestational age preterm newborns. Therefore, the condition does not behave as a risk factor for retrocochlear impairment.
描述小于胎龄早产儿的听性脑干反应（ABR）特征，并将结果与适于胎龄早产儿的结果进行比较，以验证小于胎龄状况是否为听力损失的危险因素。
这项前瞻性横断面多中心研究评估了72名男女早产儿（35名小于胎龄儿和37名适于胎龄儿），他们在孕30至36周出生，在出院前接受评估。仅纳入瞬态诱发耳声发射和A型鼓室图正常的新生儿。使用短声刺激进行ABR检查。对每组定量数据分析采用均值和标准差测量。对于定性分析，根据波I、III、V以及峰间期I-III、III-V、I-V的绝对潜伏期，将ABR结果分为正常或异常。分析时考虑新生儿检查时的年龄。
32名新生儿（44.44%）存在异常，其中15名小于胎龄儿（43%），17名适于胎龄儿（46%），两组之间无差异。在15名ABR异常的小于胎龄儿中，6名仅表现为小于胎龄状况的听觉风险。在适于胎龄儿组中，男性异常发生率更高。
小于胎龄早产儿和适于胎龄早产儿的听觉诱发电位反应无差异。因此，该状况并非蜗后损伤的危险因素。
