Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
Biomed Mater. 2012 Oct;7(5):055006. doi: 10.1088/1748-6041/7/5/055006. Epub 2012 Jul 26.
The objective of the study described in this paper was the development of novel polymer/ceramic nanocomposite coatings for implants through the application of ultrafine powder coating technology. Polyester resins were combined with µm-sized TiO(2) (25%) as the biocompatibility agent, nTiO(2) (0.5%) as the flow additive and mineral trioxide aggregates (ProRoot® MTA, 5%) as bioactive ceramics. Ultrafine powders were prepared and applied to titanium to create continuous polymeric powder coatings (PPCs) through the application of electrostatic ultrafine powder coating technology. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis confirmed that MTA had been incorporated into the PPCs, and elemental mapping showed that it had formed small clusters that were evenly distributed across the surface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed continuous and smooth, but highly textured surface coatings that contrasted with the scalloped appearance of commercially pure titanium (cpTi) controls. Atomic force microscopy revealed intricate nano-topographies with an abundance of submicron-sized pits and nano-projections, evenly dispersed across their surfaces. Inverted fluorescence microscopy, SEM and cell counts showed that human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells attached and spread out onto PPC and MTA-enriched PPCs within 24 h. Mitochondrial enzyme activity measured viable and metabolically active cells on all of the surfaces. After 72 h of growth, cell counts and metabolic activity were significantly higher (P < 0.05) on the grey-MTA enriched PPC surfaces, than on unmodified PPC and cpTi. The novel polymer/ceramic nanocomposites that were created with ultrafine powder coating technology were continuous, homogenous and nano-rough coatings that enhanced human mesenchymal cell attachment and growth.
本文所述研究的目的是通过应用超细粉末涂层技术，开发用于植入物的新型聚合物/陶瓷纳米复合材料涂层。聚酯树脂与微米级 TiO(2)（25%）作为生物相容性剂、nTiO(2)（0.5%）作为流动添加剂和矿化三氧化物聚合体（ProRoot® MTA，5%）作为生物活性陶瓷结合。制备超细粉末并应用于钛，通过应用静电超细粉末涂层技术，形成连续的聚合物粉末涂层（PPC）。能量色散 X 射线分析证实 MTA 已被掺入 PPC 中，元素映射显示它已形成小簇，均匀分布在表面上。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示连续且光滑但高度纹理化的表面涂层，与商业纯钛（cpTi）对照的锯齿形外观形成对比。原子力显微镜显示具有丰富的亚微米级凹坑和纳米突起的复杂纳米形貌，均匀分布在其表面上。倒置荧光显微镜、SEM 和细胞计数显示，人胚胎腭间充质细胞在 24 小时内附着并扩散到 PPC 和富含 MTA 的 PPC 上。线粒体酶活性测量所有表面上存活和代谢活跃的细胞。生长 72 小时后，富含灰色-MTA 的 PPC 表面上的细胞计数和代谢活性明显高于未经修饰的 PPC 和 cpTi（P < 0.05）。通过超细粉末涂层技术创建的新型聚合物/陶瓷纳米复合材料是连续、均匀和纳米粗糙的涂层，可增强人间质细胞的附着和生长。
