Omelina E S, Baricheva É M, Fedorova E V
Zh Obshch Biol. 2012 May-Jun;73(3):198-209.
Insects is a taxon surprisingly rich with species and varieties, and its representatives are considered as the most fitted and "evolutionary successful" living things. Insects are distinguished by diversity and abundance of adaptations to environmental conditions, representatives of this class inhabit different ecological niches, they can be found practically in every corner of the Earth and, in particular, in close adjacency to man. Among them are those who man benefits from and those who man struggles against. This determines man's interest in studying peculiarities of their development as well as adaptations formed by them in the course of evolution to become more viable. In the paper, data are presented on morphological structure of respiratory systems in insect egg envelopes that ensure respiration process of developing embryo. Variability of these systems and their dependence on environmental conditions are demonstrated for different insect species. The information about genes controlling development of respiratory systems in fruit fly eggs is brought together, and occurrence of evolutionary conservative genes participating in development of such systems in other insect species is ascertained.
昆虫是一个物种和变种异常丰富的分类群，其代表被认为是最适应环境且“进化成功”的生物。昆虫的特点是对环境条件的适应具有多样性和丰富性，这一类别的代表占据着不同的生态位，实际上在地球的每个角落都能找到它们，尤其是与人类密切相邻。其中既有对人类有益的，也有人类与之斗争的。这决定了人类对研究它们的发育特性以及它们在进化过程中形成的使其更具生存能力的适应方式的兴趣。本文介绍了昆虫卵包膜呼吸系统的形态结构数据，这些结构确保了发育中胚胎的呼吸过程。针对不同昆虫物种，展示了这些系统的变异性及其对环境条件的依赖性。汇总了关于果蝇卵呼吸系统发育控制基因的信息，并确定了参与其他昆虫物种此类系统发育的进化保守基因的存在。
