Yan Jin, Xiao Shuiyuan, Zhou Liang, Tang Yong, Xu Guangming, Luo Dan, Yi Qifeng
The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
AIDS Care. 2013;25(3):302-8. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2012.701724. Epub 2012 Jul 27.
The HIV/AIDS epidemic caused by commercial blood donation in rural Henan Province of China in the early- to mid-1990s is the largest known cohort in the world related to blood donation but is not fully described. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemic, epidemiology, and social epidemiology of commercial blood donation and HIV/AIDS. Both qualitative and quantitative mixed methods were used. A village was randomly selected from the 38 key HIV/AIDS pandemic villages in Henan Province. "Demographic Data Form" was applied to collect demographic information of each resident. Focus groups were held for the managers, some residents, members of "HIV/AIDS Work-Team" (organized by the Henan Provincial Government) in the village. Every village physician, people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), school header, and other stakeholders were interviewed individually. The social epidemiology of HIV/AIDS was analyzed under three perspectives of the framework: individual, social, and structural perspectives. In this village, there were 2335 residents, 484 (20.3%) were former donors, 107 (4.6%) were PLWHA, and 96.3% of PLWHA were infected through commercial blood donation. Individually, low education and plasma donation were the risky factors of HIV/AIDS infection. Socially, the epidemic was geography-, kinship-, and conformity-related. Structurally, the related macrostructure factor was policy endorsement of national blood products. The microstructure factors were poverty and value belief on male child in passing down generations. It is concluded that commercial blood donation and HIV/AIDS epidemic in the village are symbiotically related. The epidemic is temporary and socially determined.
20世纪90年代初至中期，中国河南省农村地区因商业献血引发的艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情，是世界上已知与献血相关的最大群体，但尚未得到充分描述。本研究的目的是描述商业献血及艾滋病毒/艾滋病的疫情、流行病学和社会流行病学情况。研究采用了定性和定量相结合的混合方法。从河南省38个重点艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行村随机选取一个村庄。应用“人口数据表”收集每位居民的人口信息。针对村里的管理人员、部分居民、“艾滋病毒/艾滋病工作小组”（由河南省政府组建）成员召开了焦点小组会议。对每位乡村医生、艾滋病毒携带者/艾滋病患者、学校校长及其他利益相关者进行了单独访谈。从框架的个人、社会和结构三个视角分析了艾滋病毒/艾滋病的社会流行病学情况。在这个村庄，共有2335名居民，其中484人（20.3%）曾是献血者，107人（4.6%）是艾滋病毒携带者/艾滋病患者，96.3%的艾滋病毒携带者/艾滋病患者是通过商业献血感染的。个人层面上，低教育水平和血浆捐献是艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染的风险因素。社会层面上，疫情与地理位置、亲属关系和从众行为有关。结构层面上，相关的宏观结构因素是国家血液制品的政策支持。微观结构因素是贫困以及传宗接代中对男孩的价值观念。研究得出结论，该村的商业献血与艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情共生相关。疫情是暂时的且由社会因素决定。
