Végh Z, Ottó S, Eckhardt S
National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
J Clin Lab Anal. 1990;4(6):443-8. doi: 10.1002/jcla.1860040610.
Bence Jones proteins (monoclonal free light chains of immunoglobulins) are the earliest known biological markers of malignant cell dyscrasia; Bence Jones proteinuria is also present in many types of B cell-related neoplasms. Sometimes, it may also occur in Hodgkin's disease. In some cases, benign monoclonal gammapathy was found to be associated nontumorous diseases as well. The type of monoclonal light chain, the degree of polymerization, and the isoelectric point of the molecule may affect the course of the disease. Urine samples from 637 patients with true or suspected lymphoproliferative diseases were investigated over a 2-yr period by different immunochemical methods. Bence Jones proteinuria was identified in 71 cases by isoelectric focusing combined with immunofixation, while the pathological protein was detected only in 63 cases by conventional methods. Bence Jones proteins can be detected by this new method at a level below the sensitivity of conventional procedures. Bence Jones proteins in the urine may signal a malignant tumor or malignant transformation of an earlier disease. The early detection of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains in the urine may be important in clinical diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up.
本周氏蛋白（免疫球蛋白的单克隆游离轻链）是已知最早的恶性细胞发育异常的生物学标志物；本周氏蛋白尿也存在于多种B细胞相关肿瘤中。有时，它也可能出现在霍奇金病中。在某些情况下，良性单克隆丙种球蛋白病也被发现与非肿瘤性疾病有关。单克隆轻链的类型、聚合程度以及分子的等电点可能会影响疾病进程。在两年时间里，通过不同免疫化学方法对637例真性或疑似淋巴增殖性疾病患者的尿液样本进行了研究。通过等电聚焦结合免疫固定法在71例中鉴定出本周氏蛋白尿，而通过传统方法仅在63例中检测到病理性蛋白。用这种新方法能够检测到低于传统方法灵敏度水平的本周氏蛋白。尿液中的本周氏蛋白可能预示着恶性肿瘤或早期疾病的恶性转化。尿液中单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链的早期检测在临床诊断、治疗及随访中可能具有重要意义。
