Dominé F, Dadoumont C, Bourguignon J-P
Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Liège, Chênée, Belgium.
Endocr Dev. 2012;22:271-86. doi: 10.1159/000326697. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Eating disorders (EDs) are conditions which are becoming more and more widespread among adolescents and they often lead them to seek the opinion of a professional health caregiver, including gynecologists and pediatricians. EDs, and particularly anorexia nervosa (AN), are usually classified as psychological or psychiatric disorders, but they may have major somatic implications and complications as osteoporosis, nutritional deficiencies, cerebral atrophy, cardiac and metabolic disorders. A key issue in the management is prevention or reduction of both the serious somatic consequences and the important mental health consequences (e.g. depression, psychosocial withdrawal, phobia and suicide), integrating different perspectives (psychological or psychiatric - individual and familial -, genetic, nutritional, pediatric, gynecological). Adolescence is a critical period for the onset of EDs though they may also involve younger children. In this case, the consequences on the development (height, weight, puberty) can also be significant. In this review, we will focus on eating disorders in adolescent girls with an emphasis on AN. We describe variations in ED characteristics and their management depending on age at occurrence. A possible ED should be considered by pediatricians consulted about delayed female growth and puberty as well as gynecologists in patients with primary or secondary amenorrhea or infertility.
饮食失调（EDs）在青少年中越来越普遍，这常常促使他们寻求专业医护人员的意见，包括妇科医生和儿科医生。饮食失调，尤其是神经性厌食症（AN），通常被归类为心理或精神障碍，但它们可能会产生重大的躯体影响和并发症，如骨质疏松、营养缺乏、脑萎缩、心脏和代谢紊乱。管理中的一个关键问题是预防或减少严重的躯体后果和重要的心理健康后果（如抑郁症、社交退缩、恐惧症和自杀），整合不同的观点（心理或精神——个体和家庭——、遗传、营养、儿科、妇科）。青春期是饮食失调发病的关键时期，不过较小的儿童也可能患病。在这种情况下，对发育（身高、体重、青春期）的影响也可能很大。在本综述中，我们将重点关注青春期女孩的饮食失调，尤其着重于神经性厌食症。我们描述了饮食失调特征及其管理方法随发病年龄的变化。对于咨询女性生长发育延迟的儿科医生以及原发性或继发性闭经或不孕患者的妇科医生而言，应考虑可能存在的饮食失调。
