Department of Psychology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland.
Front Integr Neurosci. 2012 Jul 25;6:51. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2012.00051. eCollection 2012.
By its 20th anniversary, social neuroscience has witnessed an incredible rise in the number of studies demonstrating the effects of perceived social isolation (e.g., loneliness, ostracism), and inversely, the beneficial effects of social bonding (e.g., love, desire, attachment) on social perception, cognition, and behavior and on mental and physical health. The current review underscores the importance of two factors in this literature: (1) where an individual falls along the continuum of isolation/bonding from feelings of rejection and neglect to feelings of strong, stable, trusted social bonds, and (2) whether gauging an individual's general feeling of social isolation/bonding or the specific feeling of isolation/bonding toward the person with whom the individual is interacting. Evidence shows that these factors are related to brain and cognition, including embodied social cognition-a system integrating past self-related actions from which simulation mechanisms can be used to access other people's minds and anticipate their actions. The neurophysiological mechanisms underlying sensorimotor mapping between interacting individuals offers an empirical opportunity to investigate the interpersonal forces that operate on individuals at a distance. This multilevel integrative approach provides a valuable tool for investigating the brain networks responsible for understanding acute and chronic social disorders.
到第 20 个年头，社会神经科学见证了数量惊人的研究，这些研究展示了被感知到的社会隔离（例如，孤独、被排斥），以及相反的，社会联系（例如，爱、欲望、依恋）对社会知觉、认知和行为以及心理健康和身体健康的有益影响。目前的综述强调了这一文献中的两个因素的重要性：（1）个体在隔离/联系的连续体中所处的位置，从被拒绝和忽视的感觉到强烈、稳定、可信赖的社会联系的感觉，以及（2）衡量个体的一般社会隔离/联系感还是与个体正在与之互动的人具体的隔离/联系感。有证据表明，这些因素与大脑和认知有关，包括具身社会认知——一个整合过去与自我相关的行动的系统，从中可以使用模拟机制来访问他人的思维并预测他们的行动。相互作用的个体之间的感觉运动映射的神经生理机制为研究在远处作用于个体的人际力量提供了一个实证机会。这种多层次的综合方法为研究负责理解急性和慢性社会障碍的大脑网络提供了一个有价值的工具。
