Grandahl Kasper, Suadicani Poul, Jacobsen Peter
Arbejds- & Miljømedicinsk Afdeling, Bispebjerg Hospital, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
Dan Med J. 2012 Aug;59(8):A4488.
International studies have shown blood lead at levels causing health concern in recreational indoor shooters. We hypothesized that Danish recreational indoor shooters would also have a high level of blood lead, and that this could be explained by shooting characteristics and the physical environment at the shooting range.
This was an environmental case study of 58 male and female shooters from two indoor shooting ranges with assumed different ventilation and cleaning conditions. Information was obtained on general conditions including age, gender, tobacco and alcohol use, and shooting conditions: weapon type, number of shots fired, frequency of stays at the shooting range and hygiene habits. A venous blood sample was drawn to determine blood lead concentrations; 14 non-shooters were included as controls.
Almost 60% of the shooters, hereof five out of 14 women, had a blood lead concentration above 0.48 micromol/l, a level causing long-term health concern. All controls had blood lead values below 0.17 micromol/l. Independent significant associations with blood lead concentrations above 0.48 micromol/l were found for shooting at a poorly ventilated range, use of heavy calibre weapons, number of shots and frequency of stays at the shooting range.
A large proportion of Danish recreational indoor shooters had potentially harmful blood lead concentrations. Ventilation, amounts of shooting, use of heavy calibre weapons and stays at the shooting ranges were independently associated with increased blood lead.
The technical check at the two ranges was performed by the Danish Technological Institute and costs were defrayed by the Danish Rifle Association. To pay for the analyses of blood lead, the study was supported by the The Else & Mogens Wedell-Wedellsborg Foundation.
The Danish Regional Capital Scientific Ethics Committee approved the study, protocol number H-4-2010-130.
国际研究表明，娱乐性室内射击者的血铅水平已达到引起健康关注的程度。我们推测丹麦娱乐性室内射击者的血铅水平也会很高，并且这可以通过射击特点和射击场的物理环境来解释。
这是一项环境案例研究，研究对象为来自两个假定通风和清洁条件不同的室内射击场的58名男女射击者。获取了包括年龄、性别、烟草和酒精使用情况等一般状况信息，以及射击条件信息：武器类型、射击次数、在射击场停留的频率和卫生习惯。采集静脉血样以测定血铅浓度；纳入14名非射击者作为对照。
近60%的射击者，其中14名女性中有5名，血铅浓度高于0.48微摩尔/升，这一水平会引起长期健康关注。所有对照者的血铅值均低于0.17微摩尔/升。发现与血铅浓度高于0.48微摩尔/升存在独立显著关联的因素有：在通风不良的射击场射击、使用大口径武器、射击次数以及在射击场停留的频率。
很大一部分丹麦娱乐性室内射击者的血铅浓度可能有害。通风、射击量、大口径武器的使用以及在射击场的停留时间与血铅升高独立相关。
两个射击场的技术检查由丹麦技术研究所进行，费用由丹麦步枪协会支付。为支付血铅分析费用，该研究得到了埃尔丝与莫根斯·韦德尔 - 韦德尔堡基金会的支持。
丹麦首都地区科学伦理委员会批准了该研究，方案编号为H - 4 - 2010 - 130。
