Löfstedt H, Seldén A, Storéus L, Bodin L
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Orebro Medical Centre Hospital, Sweden.
Am J Ind Med. 1999 May;35(5):519-22.
Shooting with lead-containing ammunition in firing ranges is a well-known source of lead exposure in adults, and police officers may be at risk of lead intoxication. More stringent national lead regulations stimulated a survey of blood lead (PbB) in Swedish police officers with regular shooting habits.
Police officers considered as the most active shooters on and/or off duty responded to a questionnaire about health, lifestyle, shooting habits, and potential lead exposure. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for PbB and a multivariate regression analysis was performed.
The mean PbB in male officers (n = 75) was 0.24 mumol/L (5.0 micrograms/dL); range 0.05-0.88 mumol/L (1.0-18.2 micrograms/dL), and in female officers (n = 3) it was even lower (0.18 mumol/L; 3.7 micrograms/dL). For both sexes combined, a positive correlation (r = 0.55; P < 0.001) of PbB with the number of bullets annually fired both on and off duty was observed, and this finding remained in a multiple regression analysis including age, smoking habits, and latency from last shooting exercise.
In conclusion, occupational and recreational lead exposure from firing ranges still seems to be a source of lead exposure in Swedish police officers, but it no longer appears to be a health risk. Lead-free communication and well-ventilated indoor firing ranges may have been decisive for this encouraging finding.
在射击场使用含铅弹药射击是成年人铅暴露的一个众所周知的来源，警察可能有铅中毒的风险。更严格的国家铅法规促使对有定期射击习惯的瑞典警察进行血铅（PbB）调查。
被认为在执勤和/或非执勤时射击最频繁的警察回答了一份关于健康、生活方式、射击习惯和潜在铅暴露的问卷。采集血样并分析PbB，进行多变量回归分析。
男性警察（n = 75）的平均血铅水平为0.24 μmol/L（5.0微克/分升）；范围为0.05 - 0.88 μmol/L（1.0 - 18.2微克/分升），女性警察（n = 3）的血铅水平更低（0.18 μmol/L；3.7微克/分升）。对于男女警察综合来看，观察到血铅水平与每年执勤和非执勤时发射的子弹数量呈正相关（r = 0.55；P < 0.001），并且在包括年龄、吸烟习惯和上次射击训练后的间隔时间的多变量回归分析中这一发现仍然成立。
总之，射击场的职业性和娱乐性铅暴露似乎仍是瑞典警察铅暴露的一个来源，但似乎不再构成健康风险。无铅通信和通风良好的室内射击场可能是这一令人鼓舞发现的决定性因素。
