Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5302, USA.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2012 Jul;98(1):65-87. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2012.98-65.
Individual differences in impulsive choice behavior have been linked to a variety of behavioral problems including substance abuse, smoking, gambling, and poor financial decision-making. Given the potential importance of individual differences in impulsive choice as a predictor of behavioral problems, the present study sought to measure the extent of individual differences in a normal sample of hooded Lister rats. Three experiments utilized variations of a delay discounting task to measure the degree of variation in impulsive choice behavior across individual rats. The individual differences accounted for 22-55% of the variance in choice behavior across the three experiments. In Experiments 2 and 3, the individual differences were still apparent when behavior was measured across multiple choice points. Large individual differences in the rate of responding, and modest individual differences in timing of responding were also observed during occasional peak trials. The individual differences in timing and rate, however, did not correlate consistently with individual differences in choice behavior. This suggests that a variety of factors may affect choice behavior, response rate, and response timing.
个体在冲动选择行为上的差异与各种行为问题有关，包括药物滥用、吸烟、赌博和不良的财务决策。鉴于冲动选择的个体差异作为行为问题预测因素的潜在重要性，本研究旨在测量 hooded Lister 大鼠正常样本中个体差异的程度。三个实验利用延迟折扣任务的变化来测量个体大鼠冲动选择行为的变化程度。在三个实验中，个体差异占选择行为方差的 22-55%。在实验 2 和 3 中，当在多个选择点测量行为时，个体差异仍然明显。在偶尔的高峰试验中，也观察到反应率的个体差异很大，而反应时间的个体差异适中。然而，反应时间和反应率的个体差异与选择行为的个体差异并不始终相关。这表明有多种因素可能会影响选择行为、反应率和反应时间。
