Odum Amy L
Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
Behav Processes. 2011 May;87(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2011.02.007. Epub 2011 Mar 6.
Delay discounting refers to the tendency for outcomes that are remote in time to have less value than more immediate outcomes. Steep discounting of delayed outcomes is associated with a variety of social maladies. The degree of sensitivity to delayed outcomes may be a stable and pervasive individual characteristic. In analyses of archival data, the present study found positive correlations between the degree of delay discounting for one outcome (as measured by the Area Under the Curve), and the degree of discounting for other outcomes. Along with additional evidence reviewed, these data suggest that delay discounting may be considered a personality trait. Recent research in epigenetics, neuroscience, and behavior suggests delay discounting may prove to be a beneficial target for therapeutic attempts to produce global reductions in impulsivity related to delay discounting.
延迟折扣是指时间上较远的结果比更直接的结果价值更低的倾向。对延迟结果的大幅折扣与多种社会弊病相关。对延迟结果的敏感程度可能是一种稳定且普遍的个体特征。在对档案数据的分析中，本研究发现一种结果的延迟折扣程度（通过曲线下面积衡量）与其他结果的折扣程度之间存在正相关。连同所审查的其他证据，这些数据表明延迟折扣可能被视为一种人格特质。近期在表观遗传学、神经科学和行为学方面的研究表明，延迟折扣可能被证明是旨在全面降低与延迟折扣相关的冲动性的治疗尝试的有益靶点。
