Department of Psychology , Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2012;41(5):561-9. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2012.703124. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
There is evidence that the cognitive vulnerabilities featured in the hopelessness theory of depression-inferential styles for the causes, consequences, and self-worth implications of negative events-increase risk for depression. Given this, it is important to understand how these inferential styles develop. In this study, we examined the impact of overt and relational peer victimization in a multiwave prospective study of 100 children (8-12 years of age) with peer victimization and inferential styles assessed every 2 months for 6 months (4 assessments total). Overt victimization uniquely predicted prospective changes in children's inferential styles for consequences and relational victimization uniquely predicted changes in inferential styles for self-characteristics. It is important to note that these relations were maintained even after controlling for the impact of concurrent depressive symptoms. These results add to a growing body of research suggesting that peer victimization may increase risk for the development of cognitive vulnerability to depression in children.
有证据表明，绝望理论中抑郁的认知脆弱性特征——对负面事件的原因、后果和自我价值影响的推断方式——会增加抑郁的风险。考虑到这一点，了解这些推断方式是如何发展的就很重要。在这项研究中，我们在一项多波前瞻性研究中考察了明显和关系性同伴侵害对 100 名（8-12 岁）有同伴侵害经历的儿童的影响，他们的推断方式每 2 个月评估一次，持续 6 个月（共 4 次评估）。明显的同伴侵害可以预测儿童推断后果的方式的未来变化，而关系性同伴侵害可以预测自我特征推断方式的变化。需要注意的是，即使在控制了当前抑郁症状的影响后，这些关系仍然存在。这些结果增加了越来越多的研究，表明同伴侵害可能会增加儿童对抑郁的认知脆弱性的发展风险。
