[The morphofunctional characteristics of the placenta in physiological pregnancy and in idiopathic disorders of intrauterine development].

Combined study of placentas from 43 foetuses and newborns with full duration of pregnancy (morphological, morphometrical, histoenzymatic) in intrauterine hypotrophy and idiopathic inhibition of the intrauterine development revealed a subcompensated placental failure as compared to the placenta of normotrophic children. The latter is due to decrease of organometric placenta parameters and increase of its anomalies frequency, increase of the volume of the organ afunctional parenchyma, decrease of the volume of morphological equivalents of both hormonal and transport function, non-adequate transplacental exchange because of the villous chorion immaturity and low level of the energetic supply of all placental functions. All this confirms an important role of placenta in the pathogenesis of idiopathic disturbances of the foetal intrauterine development.