Bergin Jocilyn E, Kendler Kenneth S
Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2012 Aug;15(4):473-82. doi: 10.1017/thg.2012.25.
Previous studies examined caffeine use and caffeine dependence and risk for the symptoms, or diagnosis, of psychiatric disorders. The current study aimed to determine if generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, phobias, major depressive disorder (MDD), anorexia nervosa (AN), or bulimia nervosa (BN) shared common genetic or environmental factors with caffeine use, caffeine tolerance, or caffeine withdrawal.
Using 2,270 women from the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders, bivariate Cholesky decomposition models were used to determine if any of the psychiatric disorders shared genetic or environmental factors with caffeine use phenotypes.
GAD, phobias, and MDD shared genetic factors with caffeine use, with genetic correlations estimated to be 0.48, 0.25, and 0.38, respectively. Removal of the shared genetic and environmental parameter for phobias and caffeine use resulted in a significantly worse fitting model. MDD shared unique environmental factors (environmental correlation=0.23) with caffeine tolerance; the genetic correlation between AN and caffeine tolerance and BN and caffeine tolerance were 0.64 and 0.49, respectively. Removal of the genetic and environmental correlation parameters resulted in significantly worse fitting models for GAD, phobias, MDD, AN, and BN, which suggested that there was significant shared liability between each of these phenotypes and caffeine tolerance. GAD had modest genetic correlations with caffeine tolerance, 0.24, and caffeine withdrawal, 0.35.
There was suggestive evidence of shared genetic and environmental liability between psychiatric disorders and caffeine phenotypes. This might inform us about the etiology of the comorbidity between these phenotypes.
既往研究探讨了咖啡因使用、咖啡因依赖与精神障碍症状或诊断风险之间的关系。本研究旨在确定广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、惊恐障碍、恐惧症、重度抑郁症（MDD）、神经性厌食症（AN）或神经性贪食症（BN）是否与咖啡因使用、咖啡因耐受性或咖啡因戒断存在共同的遗传或环境因素。
利用来自弗吉尼亚成人精神疾病与物质使用障碍双生子研究的2270名女性，采用双变量Cholesky分解模型来确定是否有任何精神障碍与咖啡因使用表型存在遗传或环境因素。
GAD、恐惧症和MDD与咖啡因使用存在共同遗传因素，遗传相关性估计分别为0.48、0.25和0.38。去除恐惧症和咖啡因使用的共同遗传和环境参数后，模型拟合度显著变差。MDD与咖啡因耐受性存在独特环境因素（环境相关性=0.23）；AN与咖啡因耐受性以及BN与咖啡因耐受性之间的遗传相关性分别为0.64和0.49。去除遗传和环境相关参数后，GAD、恐惧症、MDD、AN和BN的模型拟合度显著变差，这表明这些表型与咖啡因耐受性之间存在显著的共同易感性。GAD与咖啡因耐受性的遗传相关性为0.24，与咖啡因戒断的遗传相关性为0.35。
有证据表明精神障碍与咖啡因表型之间存在共同的遗传和环境易感性。这可能有助于我们了解这些表型共病的病因。
