Centre for Conservation Biology, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Am Nat. 2012 Sep;180(3):372-87. doi: 10.1086/666983. Epub 2012 Jul 19.
We examined whether differences in life-history characteristics can explain interspecific variation in stochastic population dynamics in nine marine fish species living in the Barents Sea system. After observation errors in population estimates were accounted for, temporal variability in natural mortality rate, annual recruitment, and population growth rate was negatively related to generation time. Mean natural mortality rate, annual recruitment, and population growth rate were lower in long-lived species than in short-lived species. Thus, important species-specific characteristics of the population dynamics were related to the species position along the slow-fast continuum of life-history variation. These relationships were further associated with interspecific differences in ecology: species at the fast end were mainly pelagic, with short generation times and high natural mortality, annual recruitment, and population growth rates, and also showed high temporal variability in those demographic traits. In contrast, species at the slow end were long-lived, deepwater species with low rates and reduced temporal variability in the same demographic traits. These interspecific relationships show that the life-history characteristics of a species can predict basic features of interspecific variation in population dynamical characteristics of marine fish, which should have implications for the choice of harvest strategy to facilitate sustainable yields.
我们研究了在巴伦支海系统生活的 9 种海洋鱼类中，生活史特征的差异是否可以解释种间随机种群动态的变化。在考虑了种群估计中的观测误差后，自然死亡率、年补充量和种群增长率的时间变异性与世代时间呈负相关。长寿命物种的平均自然死亡率、年补充量和种群增长率低于短寿命物种。因此，种群动态的重要种特异性特征与物种在生命史变化的慢-快连续体上的位置有关。这些关系还与种间生态学差异有关：处于快速端的物种主要是浮游生物，世代时间短，自然死亡率、年补充量和种群增长率高，这些种群特征也具有较高的时间变异性。相比之下，处于慢速端的物种是长寿命的深海物种，具有较低的死亡率和相同种群特征的时间变异性降低。这些种间关系表明，一个物种的生活史特征可以预测海洋鱼类种群动态特征的种间变化的基本特征，这对于选择收获策略以促进可持续产量具有重要意义。
