Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Akademiska Hospital, Ulleråkersvägen 40, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
Ups J Med Sci. 2012 Nov;117(4):445-52. doi: 10.3109/03009734.2012.703254. Epub 2012 Aug 6.
The present study is part of a 3-year longitudinal study on work and health among employees in the public sector in Sweden. The aim was to study associations between self-rated health (SRH) and financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility.
Of the 9003 employees, 7533 answered the baseline questionnaires (84%). Altogether 9373 subjects received the follow-up questionnaire, and 6617 subjects responded (71%). In total 4240 completed the questionnaire on both occasions, and this group comprised the study population. SRH consisted of the response to a single question: 'In general, would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, poor, or very poor?' The health was investigated in terms of the development of health status in the 3-year follow-up. The exposure factors were: financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility. Odds ratios were analysed using logistic regressions.
Good financial situation and further education were predictors in maintaining good health and in avoiding poor health. The analysis also indicated the following determinants of sustained good SRH: having a good financial situation (OR 1.99 at baseline and OR 1.87 at follow-up), having a further education compared to lower education (OR 1.17 at baseline), and not having a worsening financial situation between baseline and follow-up (OR 0.53).
Financial situation and educational level were important factors that influence the subjective perception of health.
本研究是一项为期 3 年的纵向研究的一部分，该研究关注瑞典公共部门员工的工作与健康。目的是研究自感健康（SRH）与财务状况、教育程度和管理责任之间的关联。
在 9003 名员工中，7533 人回答了基线问卷（84%）。共有 9373 名受试者收到了随访问卷，其中 6617 人（71%）做出了回应。共有 4240 人两次完成了问卷，这组人群构成了研究人群。SRH 通过对一个问题的回答来衡量：“总的来说，你认为自己的健康状况极好、非常好、好、差还是非常差？”健康状况通过 3 年随访中的健康状况发展来调查。暴露因素包括：财务状况、教育程度和管理责任。使用逻辑回归分析比值比。
良好的财务状况和进一步的教育是保持良好健康和避免健康状况恶化的预测因素。分析还表明，持续良好的 SRH 的决定因素包括：财务状况良好（基线时的比值比为 1.99，随访时的比值比为 1.87）、与较低教育程度相比接受了更高教育（基线时的比值比为 1.17），以及基线和随访之间财务状况没有恶化（比值比为 0.53）。
财务状况和教育水平是影响主观健康感知的重要因素。
