Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Feb;15(2):99-111. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01670.x. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Twenty years of research established amylin as an important control of energy homeostasis. Amylin controls nutrient and energy fluxes by reducing energy intake, by modulating nutrient utilization via an inhibition of postprandial glucagon secretion and by increasing energy disposal via a prevention of compensatory decreases of energy expenditure in weight reduced individuals. Like many other gastrointestinal hormones, amylin is secreted in response to meals and it reduces eating by promoting meal-ending satiation. Not surprisingly, amylin interacts with many of these hormones to control eating. These interactions seem to occur at different levels because amylin seems to mediate the eating inhibitory effect of some of these gastrointestinal hormones, and the combination of some of these hormones seems to lead to a stronger reduction in eating than single hormones alone. Amylin's effect on eating is thought to be mediated by a stimulation of specific amylin receptors in the area postrema. Secondary brain sites that were defined to mediate amylin action - and hence potential additional sites of interaction with other hormones - include the nucleus of the solitary tract, the lateral parabrachial nucleus, the lateral hypothalamic area and other hypothalamic nuclei. The focus of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of amylin interactions in the control of eating. In most cases, these interactions have only been studied at a descriptive rather than a mechanistic level and despite the clear knowledge on primary sites of amylin action, the interaction sites between amylin and other hormones are often unknown.
二十年来的研究表明，胰岛淀粉样多肽（Amylin）是能量平衡的重要调节因子。它通过降低能量摄入、抑制餐后胰高血糖素分泌以调节营养物质的利用、以及防止减重个体能量消耗的代偿性减少来增加能量消耗，从而控制营养物质和能量通量。与许多其他胃肠道激素一样，Amylin 是响应膳食而分泌的，它通过促进进食结束时的饱腹感来减少进食。毫不奇怪，Amylin 与许多这些激素相互作用以控制进食。这些相互作用似乎发生在不同的水平上，因为 Amylin 似乎介导了一些胃肠道激素的进食抑制作用，并且这些激素的组合似乎比单独使用一种激素导致更强的进食减少。Amylin 对进食的影响被认为是通过刺激后区的特定 Amylin 受体介导的。已经定义了介导 Amylin 作用的二级脑区——因此是与其他激素相互作用的潜在附加位点——包括孤束核、外侧臂旁核、外侧下丘脑区域和其他下丘脑核。这篇综述的重点是总结 Amylin 在进食控制中的相互作用的最新知识。在大多数情况下，这些相互作用仅在描述性而非机制性水平上进行了研究，尽管已经清楚地了解了 Amylin 的主要作用部位，但 Amylin 与其他激素之间的相互作用部位通常是未知的。
