Böhner J, Chaiken M L, Ball G F, Marler P
Department of Zoology, University of California, Davis 95616.
Horm Behav. 1990 Dec;24(4):582-94. doi: 10.1016/0018-506x(90)90043-w.
We tested the ability of 1-year-old European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) to acquire songs while in different physiological states. Photorefractory males, with low testosterone levels, learned songs as completely and as accurately as photosensitive males in full reproductive condition. This indicates that song acquisition in 1-year-old males does not depend on high levels of androgens. The ability to learn songs during the nonbreeding season may reflect the high song output of potential tutors through most of the year, including the photorefractory period, and may facilitate increases in song repertoire size in adulthood.
我们测试了1岁欧洲椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）在不同生理状态下学习鸣叫的能力。睾酮水平较低的光不应性雄鸟，与处于完全繁殖状态的光敏雄鸟一样完整且准确地学会了鸣叫。这表明1岁雄鸟的鸣叫习得并不依赖于高水平的雄激素。在非繁殖季节学习鸣叫的能力可能反映了全年大部分时间（包括光不应期）潜在导师的高鸣叫输出，并且可能有助于成年后鸣叫曲目数量的增加。
