University of California, Irvine, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2013 May;17(4):279-90. doi: 10.1177/1087054712454192. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
ADHD is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, presenting with pervasive and impairing symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, or a combination. The leading hypothesis of the underlying physiology of this disorder of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity is based on catecholamine dysfunction. Pharmacotherapy research indicates that psychostimulants, which are catecholamine agonists, show the greatest efficacy for treating the core symptoms of ADHD. Exercise affects the same dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems that stimulant medications target and is a stressor, which elicits measurable physiological changes. The magnitude of these peripheral alterations is posited as a potential biomarker of ADHD. The hypothesis that exercise training alters the underlying physiology present in ADHD and other medical conditions as well as conceptual issues behind its potential clinical utility is reviewed.
ADHD 是儿童最常见的神经行为障碍，表现为注意力不集中、多动、冲动或多种症状同时存在。这种注意力不集中和/或多动冲动障碍的主要生理假说基于儿茶酚胺功能障碍。药物治疗研究表明，儿茶酚胺激动剂，如兴奋剂，对治疗 ADHD 的核心症状最有效。运动影响与兴奋剂药物靶向相同的多巴胺能和去甲肾上腺素能系统，同时也是一种应激源，可引起可测量的生理变化。这些外周变化的程度被认为是 ADHD 的潜在生物标志物。本文回顾了运动训练改变 ADHD 和其他疾病中潜在生理机制的假说，以及其潜在临床应用背后的概念问题。
