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运动与注意力缺陷多动障碍症状的关联:成年普通人群样本分析。

Association of exercise and ADHD symptoms: Analysis within an adult general population sample.

作者信息

Tucker Rory, Williams Claire, Reed Phil

机构信息

School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.

Elysium Neurological Services, Elysium Healthcare, The Avalon Centre, Swindon, United Kingdom.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 Feb 11;20(2):e0314508. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314508. eCollection 2025.


DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0314508
PMID:39932962
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11813077/
Abstract

Given the limitations associated with existing treatments for Attention Deficit/Hyperactive disorder (ADHD), Physical Activity (PA) has been considered as an adjunct therapeutic option. Previous research has generally found that PA reduces ADHD symptoms in children. However, much less research has explored the same effects in adults, and especially females, with ADHD. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between PA and ADHD in adults, and whether any relationship was moderated by proxy diagnostic ADHD group, as well as exploring the roles of motivation and forms of exercise. 268 participants completed an online survey measuring proxy ADHD diagnosis; ADHD symptomatology; PA level; forms of exercise performed, and motivation for exercise. In contrast to previous research performed with child participants (which frequently found significant negative correlations), there was no significant relationship between PA level and total ADHD symptomatology in adults, but there was a significant negative correlation between PA level and inattentive ADHD symptomatology. The strength of relationship between PA level and ADHD symptomatology did not differ based on ADHD proxy diagnostic grouping; PA level based on motivation type; or PA level based on total forms of exercise performed. However, it may be that clear relationships between PA and ADHD symptomatology are not easily identifiable in adult populations when only broad, nonspecific variables/measures are used (e.g., only measuring ADHD symptoms as a continuous total score, rather than considering inattentive/hyperactive symptoms separately). Therefore, greater differentiation between ADHD symptoms and subject characteristics (such as gender) might be required to better establish potential relationships and effects in this area, and better inform any potential PA based treatments.

摘要

鉴于注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)现有治疗方法存在局限性,体育活动(PA)已被视为一种辅助治疗选择。先前的研究普遍发现,体育活动可减轻儿童的ADHD症状。然而,针对患有ADHD的成年人,尤其是成年女性的相同效果的研究要少得多。这项横断面研究调查了成年人体育活动与ADHD之间的关系,以及这种关系是否受代理诊断ADHD组的调节,并探讨了动机和运动形式的作用。268名参与者完成了一项在线调查,该调查测量了代理ADHD诊断、ADHD症状学、体育活动水平、所进行的运动形式以及运动动机。与先前针对儿童参与者的研究(经常发现显著的负相关)不同,成年人的体育活动水平与ADHD症状学总分之间没有显著关系,但体育活动水平与注意力不集中的ADHD症状学之间存在显著的负相关。体育活动水平与ADHD症状学之间的关系强度不因ADHD代理诊断分组、基于动机类型的体育活动水平或基于所进行的运动总形式的体育活动水平而有所不同。然而,当仅使用宽泛、非特定的变量/测量方法时(例如,仅将ADHD症状作为一个连续的总分来测量,而不是分别考虑注意力不集中/多动症状),在成年人群体中可能不容易识别体育活动与ADHD症状学之间的明确关系。因此,可能需要在ADHD症状和个体特征(如性别)之间进行更大程度的区分,以便更好地确定该领域的潜在关系和影响,并为任何潜在的基于体育活动的治疗提供更充分的信息。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b302/11813077/63d0c26489f5/pone.0314508.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b302/11813077/c66b6b970d21/pone.0314508.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b302/11813077/63d0c26489f5/pone.0314508.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b302/11813077/c66b6b970d21/pone.0314508.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b302/11813077/63d0c26489f5/pone.0314508.g002.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Effects of physical exercise on attention deficit and other major symptoms in children with ADHD: A meta-analysis.

Psychiatry Res. 2022-5

[2]
Effects of Physical Activity, Exercise and Sport on Executive Function in Young People with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2022-1-14

[3]
Inattention and hyperactivity symptoms in childhood predict physical activity in adolescence.

BMC Psychiatry. 2021-12-18

[4]
The prevalence of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.

J Glob Health. 2021-2-11

[5]
Long-Term Suicide Risk of Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder-A Systematic Review.

Front Psychiatry. 2020-12-21

[6]
Lifetime co-occurring psychiatric disorders in newly diagnosed adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or/and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

BMC Psychiatry. 2020-8-26

[7]
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BMC Psychiatry. 2020-8-12

[8]
Non-pharmacological interventions for adult ADHD: a systematic review.

Psychol Med. 2020-3

[9]
A systematic review of acute exercise as a coadjuvant treatment of ADHD in young people.

Psicothema. 2020-2

[10]
Effects of repeated voluntary or forced exercise on brainstem serotonergic systems in rats.

Behav Brain Res. 2020-1-27

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