Departamento de Bioquimica e Microbiologia, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, Instituto de Biociências, IB, Av 24 A 1515 CEP: 13506900, Bela Vista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
Water Sci Technol. 2012;66(7):1431-8. doi: 10.2166/wst.2012.314.
The textile industry consumes large quantities of water and chemicals, especially in dyeing and finishing processes. Textile dye adsorption can be accomplished with natural or synthetic compounds. Cell immobilization using biomaterials allows the reduction of toxicity and mechanical resistance and opens spaces within the matrix for cell growth. The use of natural materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, is promising due to the low costs involved. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of sugarcane bagasse treated with either polyethyleneimine (PEI), NaOH or distilled water in the cell immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for textile dye removal. Three different adsorption tests were conducted: treated sugarcane bagasse alone, free yeast cells and bagasse-immobilized yeast cells. Yeast immobilization was 31.34% with PEI-treated bagasse, 8.56% with distilled water and 22.54% with NaOH. PEI-treated bagasse exhibited the best removal rates of the dye at all pH values studied (2.50, 4.50 and 6.50). The best Acid Black 48 adsorption rates were obtained with use of free yeast cells. At pH 2.50, 1 mg of free yeast cells was able to remove 5488.49 g of the dye. The lowest adsorption capacity rates were obtained using treated bagasse alone. However, the use of bagasse-immobilized cells increased adsorption efficiency from 20 to 40%. The use of immobilized cells in textile dye removal is very attractive due to adsorbed dye precipitation, which eliminates the industrial need for centrifugation processes. Dye adsorption using only yeast cells or sugarcane bagasse requires separation methods.
纺织工业消耗大量的水和化学品，特别是在染色和整理过程中。纺织染料的吸附可以通过天然或合成化合物来实现。使用生物材料进行细胞固定化可以降低毒性和机械阻力，并在基质内为细胞生长开辟空间。由于成本低，天然材料（如甘蔗渣）的使用很有前景。本研究旨在评估用聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）、NaOH 或蒸馏水处理的甘蔗渣在固定化酿酒酵母去除纺织染料中的应用。进行了三种不同的吸附测试：单独处理的甘蔗渣、游离酵母细胞和固定化酵母细胞的甘蔗渣。用 PEI 处理的甘蔗渣的酵母固定化率为 31.34%，蒸馏水为 8.56%，NaOH 为 22.54%。PEI 处理的甘蔗渣在所有研究的 pH 值（2.50、4.50 和 6.50）下均表现出最佳的染料去除率。使用游离酵母细胞获得了最佳的酸性黑 48 染料吸附率。在 pH 2.50 时，1mg 游离酵母细胞能够去除 5488.49g 的染料。单独使用处理过的甘蔗渣的吸附容量率最低。然而，使用固定化细胞可以将吸附效率从 20%提高到 40%。由于吸附染料的沉淀，固定化细胞在纺织染料去除中的应用非常有吸引力，这消除了工业上对离心过程的需求。仅使用酵母细胞或甘蔗渣进行染料吸附需要分离方法。
