Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2012 Jun;26(3):409-22. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2012.05.007.
This chapter describes three-dimensional gait analysis and common gait deviations in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Furthermore, we describe changes in gait deviations following surgical and non-surgical interventions. Gait analysis is used to define gait deviations and to evaluate varying surgical approaches, types of surgeries and non-pharmacologic interventions. Most studies examine gait in adults with knee OA. Limitations of existing studies include small samples, poor selection of controls, sample heterogenecity, lack of baseline gait assessments and inconsistency in measurement. Across studies, time and distance parameters are generally used to provide a global measure of gait deviations. Individuals with RA and OA in the lower extremities exhibit reduced walking speed/cadence and decreased motion and moments in relation to healthy subjects. Future research should include larger sample sizes, the use of proper controls, pre- and post-assessments and identify gait abnormalities early in the disease process to minimise long-term consequences.
本章描述了类风湿关节炎（RA）和骨关节炎（OA）成人的三维步态分析和常见步态偏差。此外，我们还描述了手术和非手术干预后步态偏差的变化。步态分析用于定义步态偏差，并评估不同的手术方法、手术类型和非药物干预措施。大多数研究都检查了膝骨关节炎患者的步态。现有研究的局限性包括样本量小、对照组选择不佳、样本异质性、缺乏基线步态评估和测量不一致。在不同的研究中，通常使用时间和距离参数来提供步态偏差的整体测量。下肢患有 RA 和 OA 的个体表现出行走速度/步频降低，运动和力矩减少，与健康个体相比。未来的研究应包括更大的样本量、适当的对照组的使用、前后评估，并在疾病早期发现步态异常，以最小化长期后果。
