Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
J Affect Disord. 2013 Mar 5;145(3):277-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.07.010. Epub 2012 Aug 4.
There is evidence from prospective studies that obesity is positively associated with depression. In contradiction to this, however, a number of studies have revealed that the number of completed suicides decreases with increasing BMI. The objective of this systematic review is to elucidate this ambiguous research field, providing an overview of literature examining the relationship between obesity and risk of suicide in adults (>18 years).
Literature searches of the databases PubMed/Medline, PsychInfo, and Web of Sciences were conducted. Fifteen studies concerning completed suicide, suicide attempts and suicidal ideation met the inclusion criteria (seven prospective and eight cross-sectional studies).
Eight studies evaluating completed suicide reported an inverse relationship between BMI and suicide, meaning that obese people are less likely to commit suicide than people of low or normal weight, whereas one study showed no association and one showed a positive association. Studies about suicide attempts and ideation, on the other hand, found results that differed depending on gender. While obese woman reported more suicide attempts and suicidal ideation, obese men reported less attempts and thoughts.
The role of confounding variables such as age or psychiatric illness on suicide risk are discussed and remaining research questions are outlined, especially regarding the role of different underlying biological pathways and consideration of different classes of obesity.
有前瞻性研究的证据表明，肥胖与抑郁呈正相关。然而，与此相反的是，许多研究表明，随着 BMI 的增加，自杀人数减少。本系统评价的目的是阐明这一模糊的研究领域，提供一个文献综述，检查肥胖与成年人（> 18 岁）自杀风险之间的关系。
对 PubMed/Medline、PsychInfo 和 Web of Sciences 数据库进行了文献检索。有 15 项关于完成自杀、自杀未遂和自杀意念的研究符合纳入标准（7 项前瞻性研究和 8 项横断面研究）。
有 8 项评估完成自杀的研究报告 BMI 与自杀之间呈反比关系，这意味着肥胖者自杀的可能性低于低体重或正常体重者，而一项研究显示两者之间没有关联，另一项研究显示两者之间存在正相关。关于自杀未遂和意念的研究结果则因性别而异。肥胖女性报告的自杀未遂和自杀意念更多，而肥胖男性报告的自杀未遂和自杀意念则更少。
讨论了年龄或精神疾病等混杂变量对自杀风险的影响，并概述了剩余的研究问题，特别是关于不同潜在生物学途径的作用和考虑不同类别的肥胖的问题。
