Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A
Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Ann Saudi Med. 2012 Sep-Oct;32(5):517-20. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2012.517.
Hospitals should measure antimicrobial use based on the WHO's recommended metric, the defined daily dose (DDD). There is no data on antimicrobial usage based on DDD in Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study evaluates the trend in antimicrobial consumption based on this concept.
Observational study in a general hospital in Saudi Arabia from 2006-2008.
We analyzed the use of intravenous systemic antibacterial agents (group J01 of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical [ATC] classification and the classes of this group) that were administered to hospitalized patients by reviewing the data obtained from the pharmacy records. Antimicrobial consumption was calculated as the number of DDD per 100 bed-days.
Of the total parenteral antibiotics, ciprofloxacin was the most commonly used intravenous antibiotic (67.6%), followed by ceftriaxone (6%), cefazolin (5%), and imipenem-enzyme inhibitor (4.3%). The DDD per 100 patient-days usage of intravenous antimicrobial agents was as follows: J01MA02 ciprofloxacin (parenteral) 82.643, J01DD04 ceftriaxone 7.447, J01DB02 cefazolin 6.166, J01DH51 imipenem-enzyme inhibitor 5.234, J01MA12 levofloxacin 3.188, and J01XA01 vancomycin 2.97. Intravenous ciprofloxacin usage increased from 3.55 to 82.643 DDD/100 patient days.
The study showed that the most commonly used intravenous systemic antimicrobial agent was ciprofloxacin. Thus, strategies are needed to specifically target these agents for prescribing improvement.
医院应根据世界卫生组织推荐的指标——限定日剂量（DDD）来衡量抗菌药物的使用情况。沙特阿拉伯尚无基于DDD的抗菌药物使用数据。因此，本研究基于这一概念评估抗菌药物消费趋势。
2006年至2008年在沙特阿拉伯一家综合医院开展的观察性研究。
通过查阅药房记录获取的数据，分析给予住院患者的静脉注射全身用抗菌药物（解剖学治疗学化学分类法[ATC]的J01组及其下属类别）的使用情况。抗菌药物消费量按每100床日的DDD数计算。
在所有静脉注射用抗生素中，环丙沙星是最常用的静脉注射抗生素（67.6%），其次是头孢曲松（6%）、头孢唑林（5%）和亚胺培南-酶抑制剂（4.3%）。每100患者日静脉注射抗菌药物的DDD使用量如下：J01MA02环丙沙星（静脉注射）82.643，J01DD04头孢曲松7.447，J01DB02头孢唑林6.166，J01DH51亚胺培南-酶抑制剂5.234，J01MA12左氧氟沙星3.188，J01XA01万古霉素2.97。静脉注射环丙沙星的使用量从3.55 DDD/100患者日增加到82.643 DDD/100患者日。
该研究表明，最常用的静脉注射全身用抗菌药物是环丙沙星。因此，需要制定策略专门针对这些药物来改善处方行为。
