De Zordo Silvia
Department of Anthropology, Goldsmiths-University of London, London.
Cien Saude Colet. 2012 Jul;17(7):1745-54. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232012000700013.
The objective of this qualitative study, carried out in two maternity-hospitals in Salvador da Bahia, was to investigate the experience and representations of health professionals, and particularly obstetricians-gynecologists, regarding legal abortion in comparison with their representations and experience with illegal abortion. A questionnaire was distributed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 health professionals (13 obstetricians-gynecologists) in a hospital providing legal abortion (P) and with 20 health professionals (9 obstetricians-gynecologists) in another hospital that does not provide this service (F). The factors that influence the representations and experience of abortion of most obstetricians-gynecologists and explain the high rate of conscientious objection at Hospital P were: 1- the criminalization of abortion and the fear of being denounced; 2- the stigmatization of abortion by certain religious groups and by the physicians themselves; 3- training in obstetrics and the lack of good training in the epidemiology of maternal morbidity-mortality and abortion; 4- representations on gender relations. The main factors associated with liberal attitudes were: age - under 30 and over 45 years of age - experience with high maternal mortality rates due to abortion and experience with legal abortion.
这项定性研究在巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多的两家妇产医院开展，其目的是调查卫生专业人员，尤其是妇产科医生，对合法堕胎的体验和认知，并与他们对非法堕胎的认知和体验进行比较。在一家提供合法堕胎服务的医院（P），向25名卫生专业人员（13名妇产科医生）发放了问卷并进行了半结构化访谈；在另一家不提供此项服务的医院（F），对20名卫生专业人员（9名妇产科医生）进行了同样的操作。影响大多数妇产科医生对堕胎的认知和体验，并解释P医院出于良心拒医比例高的因素有：1. 堕胎被定罪以及对被举报的恐惧；2. 某些宗教团体以及医生自身对堕胎的污名化；3. 产科培训以及在孕产妇发病-死亡率和堕胎流行病学方面缺乏良好培训；4. 对性别关系的认知。与自由态度相关的主要因素有：年龄——30岁以下和45岁以上——有因堕胎导致的高孕产妇死亡率的经历以及有合法堕胎的经历。
