“这是一种印记”：乌拉圭堕胎非刑罪化后的耻辱感。
"It's something that marks you": Abortion stigma after decriminalization in Uruguay.
机构信息
International Planned Parenthood/Western Hemisphere Region, New York, USA.
Hampshire College, Amherst, USA.
出版信息
Reprod Health. 2018 Sep 10;15(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12978-018-0597-1.
BACKGROUND
Abortion stigma is experienced by women seeking abortion services and by abortion providers in a range of legal contexts, including Uruguay, where abortion was decriminalized up to 12 weeks gestation in 2012. This paper analyzes opinions and attitudes of both abortion clients and health professionals approximately two years following decriminalization and assesses how abortion stigma manifests among these individuals and in institutions that provide care.
METHODS
In 2014, we conducted twenty in-depth, semi-structured interviews with abortion clients (n = 10) and health care professionals (n = 10) in public and private facilities across Uruguay's health system. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then coded for thematic analysis.
RESULTS
We find that both clients and health professionals express widespread satisfaction with the implementation of the new law. However, there exist critical points in the service where stigmatizing ideas and attitudes continue to be reproduced, such as the required five-day waiting period and in interactions with hospital staff who do not support access to the service. We also document the prevalence of stigmatizing ideas around abortion that continue to circulate outside the clinical setting.
CONCLUSION
Despite the benefits of decriminalization, abortion clients and health professionals still experience abortion stigma.
背景
在包括乌拉圭在内的一系列法律背景下，寻求堕胎服务的女性和堕胎提供者都经历了堕胎耻辱，乌拉圭在 2012 年将妊娠 12 周内的堕胎合法化。本文分析了堕胎合法化后大约两年时堕胎客户和卫生专业人员的意见和态度，并评估了堕胎耻辱感在这些人和提供护理的机构中是如何表现出来的。
方法
2014 年，我们在乌拉圭的卫生系统中，对公共和私人设施中的 10 名堕胎客户和 10 名医疗保健专业人员进行了 20 次深入的半结构化访谈。访谈进行了录音、转写，然后进行了主题分析。
结果
我们发现，客户和卫生专业人员都对新法律的实施表示普遍满意。然而，在服务中存在一些关键点，仍然存在着歧视性的想法和态度，例如需要五天的等待期，以及与不支持获得该服务的医院工作人员的互动。我们还记录了在临床环境之外继续流传的关于堕胎的污名化观念的普遍性。
结论
尽管堕胎合法化带来了好处，但堕胎客户和卫生专业人员仍然经历着堕胎耻辱。
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