The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2012 Nov 1;12(9):1073-80.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy that affects a large number of patients worldwide, with an increasing incidence in the United States and Europe. The therapies that are currently available for patients with inoperable HCC have limited benefits. Although molecular targeted therapies against selected cell signaling pathways have shown some promising results, their impact has been minimal. There is a need to identify and explore other targets for the development of novel therapeutics. Several non-protein coding RNAs (ncRNA) have recently been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis and tumor progression. These ncRNA genes represent promising targets for cancer. However, therapeutic targeting of ncRNA genes has not been employed for HCC. The use of antisense oligonucleotides and viral vector delivery approaches have been shown to be feasible approaches to modulate ncRNA expression. HCC is an optimal cancer to evaluate novel RNA based therapeutic approaches because of the potential of effective delivery and uptake of therapeutic agents to the liver. In this review, we discuss selected ncRNA that could function as potential targets in HCC treatment and outline approaches to target ncRNA expression. Future challenges include the need to achieve site-specific targeting with acceptable safety and efficacy.
肝细胞癌 (HCC) 是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，影响全球大量患者，其在美国和欧洲的发病率呈上升趋势。目前，对于无法手术的 HCC 患者，可用的治疗方法益处有限。尽管针对选定细胞信号通路的分子靶向治疗显示出一些有希望的结果，但它们的影响微乎其微。需要确定和探索其他靶点，以开发新的治疗方法。最近有几种非蛋白编码 RNA（ncRNA）被认为与肝癌发生和肿瘤进展有关。这些 ncRNA 基因代表了癌症治疗的有希望的靶点。然而，ncRNA 基因的治疗靶向尚未用于 HCC。已经证明，使用反义寡核苷酸和病毒载体传递方法是调节 ncRNA 表达的可行方法。由于有效递送至肝脏的治疗剂的潜力，HCC 是评估新型基于 RNA 的治疗方法的理想癌症。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了可能作为 HCC 治疗潜在靶点的选定 ncRNA，并概述了靶向 ncRNA 表达的方法。未来的挑战包括需要实现具有可接受安全性和有效性的靶向特定部位。
