对抵抗运动的免疫反应。

Immune responses to resistance exercise.

机构信息

Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.

出版信息

Exerc Immunol Rev. 2012;18:8-41.

Abstract

Resistance exercise induces changes in leukocyte redistribution, phenotypical surface expression and leukocyte functionality. Several factors have been shown to alter the temporal pattern and/or magnitude of response including manipulation of acute program variables, the aging process, and nutritional supplementation. Rest period length and load can modify the temporal pattern and/or magnitude of leukocytosis post exercise. Aging diminishes both the duration and magnitude of the post exercise leukocytosis and reduces leukocyte functionality. The few studies that assessed the effects of nutritional supplements (e.g., carbohydrate, whey protein, caffeine) peri-resistance exercise showed minimal effects on leukocyte responses. Sex differences exist in the timing and magnitude of leukocyte infiltration into skeletal muscle. The immune response to resistance exercise is only a small part of the recovery paradigm. A better understanding of how acute program variables and other factors such as aging, sex and nutritional supplementation affect the immune response to resistance exercise is important in the context of improving recovery, performance and health.

摘要

抗阻训练会引起白细胞分布、表型表面表达和白细胞功能的变化。有几个因素已被证明可以改变时间模式和/或反应的幅度，包括急性程序变量的操作、衰老过程和营养补充。休息时间长度和负荷可以改变运动后白细胞增多的时间模式和/或幅度。衰老会降低运动后白细胞增多的持续时间和幅度，并降低白细胞功能。少数评估营养补充剂（如碳水化合物、乳清蛋白、咖啡因）对抗阻运动后白细胞反应影响的研究显示，对白细胞反应的影响很小。在白细胞浸润骨骼肌的时间和幅度上存在性别差异。对阻力运动的免疫反应只是恢复范式的一小部分。更好地了解急性程序变量和其他因素（如衰老、性别和营养补充）如何影响对阻力运动的免疫反应，对于改善恢复、表现和健康具有重要意义。