Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Salesi Hospital via F. Corridoni 11, 60123 Ancona, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(27):4562-71. doi: 10.2174/092986712803306466.
Thromboembolism is an infrequent, yet serious cause of both maternal and fetal morbidity and death during pregnancy and the puerperium. Antithrombotic treatment and prophylaxis both before and during pregnancy are based on unfractionated heparin (UH), low-molecularweight heparin (LMWH), Warfarin and Aspirin. The prevalence and severity of thromboembolism during pregnancy and puerperium warrant special consideration of management and therapy. Such therapy includes the treatment of acute thrombotic events and prophylaxis for those at increased risk of thrombotic events. This paper assesses the safety and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy during pregnancy and the peripartum period. Its cardiovascular and obstetric indications, the evidence of association between thrombophilias and adverse pregnancy outcome, regimens and maternal and fetal side-effects are also discussed.
血栓栓塞是妊娠和产褥期孕产妇和胎儿发病率和死亡率的一个罕见但严重的原因。抗血栓治疗和预防在妊娠前和妊娠期间都基于未分级肝素 (UH)、低分子肝素 (LMWH)、华法林和阿司匹林。妊娠和产褥期血栓栓塞的发生率和严重程度需要特别考虑管理和治疗。这种治疗包括急性血栓事件的治疗和对那些有血栓事件风险增加的人的预防。本文评估了妊娠和围产期抗血栓治疗的安全性和有效性。还讨论了其心血管和产科适应证、血栓形成倾向与不良妊娠结局之间的关联证据、方案以及母亲和胎儿的副作用。
