Laboratorio de Microbiología y Mutagénesis Ambiental, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Genet Mol Biol. 2012 Apr;35(2):503-14. doi: 10.1590/S1415-47572012000300018. Epub 2012 Jun 23.
In this work, the toxicity and genotoxicity of organic solvents (acetone, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, dimethylsulfoxide, ethanol, ether and methanol) were studied using the SOS chromotest. The influence of these solvents on the direct genotoxicity induced by the mutagens mitomycin C (MMC) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) were also investigated. None of the solvents were genotoxic in Escherichia coli PQ37. However, based on the inhibition of protein synthesis assessed by constitutive alkaline phosphatase activity, some solvents (carbon tetrachloride, dimethylsulfoxide, ethanol and ether) were toxic and incompatible with the SOS chromotest. Solvents that were neither toxic nor genotoxic to E. coli (acetone, dichloromethane and methanol) significantly reduced the genotoxicity of MMC and 4-NQO. When these solvents were used to dissolve vitamin E they increased the antigenotoxic activity of this compound, possibly through additive or synergistic effects. The relevance of these results is discussed in relation to antigenotoxic studies. These data indicate the need for careful selection of an appropriate diluent for the SOS chromotest since some solvents can modulate genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity.
在这项工作中，使用 SOS 显色试验研究了有机溶剂（丙酮、四氯化碳、二氯甲烷、二甲基亚砜、乙醇、乙醚和甲醇）的毒性和遗传毒性。还研究了这些溶剂对诱变剂丝裂霉素 C（MMC）和 4-硝基喹啉 1-氧化物（4-NQO）引起的直接遗传毒性的影响。在大肠杆菌 PQ37 中，没有一种溶剂具有遗传毒性。然而，根据碱性磷酸酶活性评估的蛋白质合成抑制情况，一些溶剂（四氯化碳、二甲基亚砜、乙醇和乙醚）具有毒性，与 SOS 显色试验不兼容。对大肠杆菌既无毒又无遗传毒性的溶剂（丙酮、二氯甲烷和甲醇）显著降低了 MMC 和 4-NQO 的遗传毒性。当这些溶剂用于溶解维生素 E 时，它们增加了这种化合物的抗原毒性活性，可能通过相加或协同作用。这些结果的相关性与抗原毒性研究有关。这些数据表明，需要仔细选择适当的稀释剂用于 SOS 显色试验，因为一些溶剂可以调节遗传毒性和抗原毒性。
