Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Biomarkers. 2012 Nov;17(7):625-33. doi: 10.3109/1354750X.2012.709880. Epub 2012 Aug 13.
Cyanide is highly toxic and is present in many foods, combustion products (e.g. cigarette smoke), industrial processes, and has been used as a terrorist weapon. In this study, cyanide and its major metabolites, thiocyanate and 2-amino-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA), were analyzed from various human biofluids of smokers (low-level chronic cyanide exposure group) and non-smokers to gain insight into the relationship of these biomarkers to cyanide exposure. The concentrations of each biomarker tested were elevated for smokers in each biofluid. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for thiocyanate in plasma and urine, and ATCA showed significant differences in plasma and saliva. Additionally, biomarker concentration ratios, correlations between markers of cyanide exposure, and other statistical methods were performed to better understand the relationship between cyanide and its metabolites. Of the markers studied, the results indicate plasma ATCA, in particular, showed excellent promise as a biomarker for chronic low-level cyanide exposure.
氰化物毒性很强，存在于许多食物、燃烧产物（如香烟烟雾）、工业过程中，曾被用作恐怖主义武器。在这项研究中，从吸烟者（低水平慢性氰化物暴露组）和非吸烟者的各种人体生物液中分析了氰化物及其主要代谢物硫氰酸盐和 2-氨基-2-噻唑啉-4-羧酸（ATCA），以深入了解这些生物标志物与氰化物暴露的关系。在每种生物液中，测试的每种生物标志物的浓度在吸烟者中升高。在血浆和尿液中的硫氰酸盐以及在血浆和唾液中的 ATCA 中发现了显著差异（p < 0.05）。此外，还进行了生物标志物浓度比、暴露于氰化物的标志物之间的相关性以及其他统计方法，以更好地了解氰化物与其代谢物之间的关系。在所研究的标志物中，结果表明，特别是血浆 ATCA 作为慢性低水平氰化物暴露的生物标志物具有很大的潜力。
