Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Sep;19(3):115-8. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2012.02.005.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is known to cause acute retinal necrosis (ARN). The availability of HSV-2-specific polymerase chain reaction tests for diagnostic analysis has greatly increased our ability to discriminate ARN caused by HSV-2 from ARN caused by either herpes simplex virus type 1 or varicella zoster virus (VZV). Of great interest, HSV-2 appears to be the most common cause of viral ARN in children and adolescents. Although a few children with ARN are known to have had neonatally acquired herpes infection, most children lack a history of known herpes disease. Thus, the origin of the HSV-2 infection is a mystery. The hypothesis of this review is that HSV-2 ARN in children and adolescents may be the first sign of a previously undiagnosed and asymptomatic neonatal HSV-2 infection, which has reactivated several years later from latency in a cranial nerve and entered the retina. The review brings together 7 previously published ARN cases, plus one new case is added. Thus, this review also expands the spectrum of complications from neonatal HSV-2 infection.
单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）已知可引起急性视网膜坏死（ARN）。HSV-2 特异性聚合酶链反应检测可用于诊断分析，这大大提高了我们区分由单纯疱疹病毒 1 型或水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）引起的 ARN 与由 HSV-2 引起的 ARN 的能力。有趣的是，HSV-2 似乎是儿童和青少年病毒性 ARN 的最常见原因。尽管已知少数 ARN 患儿患有新生儿获得性疱疹感染，但大多数患儿无已知疱疹病史。因此，HSV-2 感染的来源是一个谜。本综述的假设是，儿童和青少年的 HSV-2 ARN 可能是先前未诊断和无症状的新生儿 HSV-2 感染的第一个迹象，该感染在数年后从潜伏在颅神经中重新激活，并进入视网膜。本综述汇集了 7 例以前发表的 ARN 病例，另加 1 例新病例。因此，本综述还扩大了新生儿 HSV-2 感染的并发症范围。
