Alkazmi L M M, Behnke J M
School of Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
J Helminthol. 2013 Sep;87(3):309-17. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X12000375. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
An experiment was carried out to assess mucosal changes in hamsters exposed to weekly repeated low-intensity infections with the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum. The experiment included control groups of naïve, uninfected hamsters and groups that received a single-pulse primary infection. Changes in the intestinal architecture and in the density of inflammatory cells in the mucosa, including mast cells, goblet cells, Paneth cells and eosinophils were examined in relation to changes in hookworm burdens. As in the single-pulse primary infection, hamsters exposed to repeated infections responded with marked changes in the intestinal architecture and in mucosal populations of inflammatory cells. However, there were distinct differences in the kinetics of the responses to these two types of infection (primary single-pulse and repeated). The reduction in villous height and the increase in crypt depth in animals exposed to repeated infections were both initially slower but eventually equalled and exceeded the responses in hamsters given a chronic primary infection, despite the presence of fewer adult worms in the former. Similarly, changes in the mitotic figures of epithelial cells in the mucosa and the mast cell response were both initially slower and less intense in repeatedly infected hamsters, but eventually exceeded the response to primary infection. Furthermore, the eosinophil response was found to be initially greater in repeated infections and overall more persistent. In contrast, both goblet and Paneth cell responses were less marked in repeatedly infected animals compared to those carrying a primary infection. These results are discussed in the context of host protective resistance to infection with A. ceylanicum.
进行了一项实验，以评估每周重复暴露于低强度锡兰钩虫感染的仓鼠的黏膜变化。该实验包括未感染的天真仓鼠对照组和接受单次脉冲初次感染的组。研究了肠道结构以及黏膜中炎症细胞（包括肥大细胞、杯状细胞、潘氏细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞）密度的变化与钩虫负荷变化的关系。与单次脉冲初次感染一样，暴露于重复感染的仓鼠在肠道结构和炎症细胞的黏膜群体方面出现了明显变化。然而，对这两种类型感染（初次单次脉冲和重复感染）的反应动力学存在明显差异。暴露于重复感染的动物绒毛高度降低和隐窝深度增加，最初都较慢，但最终与慢性初次感染的仓鼠的反应相当并超过了后者，尽管前者的成虫较少。同样，黏膜上皮细胞有丝分裂图像的变化和肥大细胞反应，在重复感染的仓鼠中最初都较慢且强度较低，但最终超过了对初次感染的反应。此外，发现嗜酸性粒细胞反应在重复感染中最初更大且总体更持久。相比之下，与初次感染的动物相比，重复感染动物的杯状细胞和潘氏细胞反应不太明显。在宿主对锡兰钩虫感染的保护性抵抗力的背景下讨论了这些结果。
