Silver John R
Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, UK.
J Med Biogr. 2012 Aug;20(3):101-5. doi: 10.1258/jmb.2012.012055.
On 27 July 2012 London is hosting the Olympic and the Paralympic Games. The Olympic Games will be attended by 17,000 athletes to be followed by the Paralympic Games with 4200 athletes from 150 countries, participating in 20 different sports. This multicultural event has grown in the last 60 years from a small competition between British and Dutch athletes on the lawns of Stoke Mandeville Hospital in Buckinghamshire. The Paralympic Movement was born out of the vision of Sir Ludwig Guttmann. Before World War II, most paraplegic patients died. Guttmann came to Stoke Mandeville Hospital in 1944 and instituted the modern treatment of spinal injuries which kept paraplegic patients alive. While exercise is an essential part of rehabilitation, developing strength and agility, and a paraplegic patient can only participate in competitive sport when he or she is fully rehabilitated so the sports movement grew out of the successful treatment of paraplegic patients.
2012年7月27日，伦敦将举办奥运会和残奥会。奥运会将有17000名运动员参加，随后是残奥会，来自150个国家的4200名运动员将参加20个不同的体育项目。这项多元文化活动在过去60年里从白金汉郡斯托克曼德维尔医院草坪上英国和荷兰运动员之间的小型比赛发展而来。残奥会运动源于路德维希·古特曼爵士的愿景。第二次世界大战前，大多数截瘫患者都会死亡。1944年，古特曼来到斯托克曼德维尔医院，开创了脊柱损伤的现代治疗方法，使截瘫患者得以存活。虽然运动是康复的重要组成部分，能增强力量和敏捷性，但截瘫患者只有在完全康复后才能参加竞技运动，所以体育活动是在截瘫患者成功治疗的基础上发展起来的。
