Department of Neurology, Minnesota Regional Sleep Disorders Center and University of Minnesota Medical Center Sleep Disorders Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2012 Aug 15;8(4):413-9. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.2036.
To determine the frequency of nocturnal eating (NE) and sleep related eating disorder (SRED) in restless legs syndrome (RLS) versus psychophysiological insomnia (INS), and the relationship of these conditions with dopaminergic and sedative-hypnotic medications.
Prospective case series.
Sleep disorders center.
Newly diagnosed RLS or INS.
RLS or INS pharmacotherapy with systematic follow up interview for NE/SRED.
Patients presenting with RLS (n = 88) or INS (n = 42) were queried for the presence of NE and SRED. RLS patients described nocturnal eating (61%) and SRED (36%) more frequently than INS patients (12% and 0%; both p < 0.0001). These findings were not due to arousal frequency, as INS patients were more likely to have prolonged nightly awakenings (93%) than RLS patients (64%; p = 0.003). Among patients on sedative-hypnotics, amnestic SRED and sleepwalking were more common in the setting of RLS (80%) than INS (8%; p < 0.0001). Further, NE and SRED in RLS were not secondary to dopaminergic therapy, as RLS patients demonstrated a substantial drop (68% to 34%; p = 0.0026) in the frequency of NE after dopamine agents were initiated, and there were no cases of dopaminergic agents inducing novel NE or SRED.
NE is common in RLS and not due to frequent nocturnal awakenings or dopaminergic agents. Amnestic SRED occurs predominantly in the setting of RLS mistreatment with sedating agents. In light of previous reports, these findings suggest that nocturnal eating is a non-motor manifestation of RLS with several clinical implications discussed here.
确定不宁腿综合征（RLS）与心理生理性失眠（INS）患者夜间进食（NE）和睡眠相关进食障碍（SRED）的频率，并研究这些疾病与多巴胺能和镇静催眠药物的关系。
前瞻性病例系列。
睡眠障碍中心。
新诊断的 RLS 或 INS。
RLS 或 INS 药物治疗，系统随访访谈以确定是否存在 NE/SRED。
出现 RLS（n=88）或 INS（n=42）的患者被询问是否存在 NE 和 SRED。RLS 患者描述夜间进食（61%）和 SRED（36%）的频率高于 INS 患者（12%和 0%；均 p<0.0001）。这些发现不是由于觉醒频率所致，因为 INS 患者更有可能出现夜间长时间觉醒（93%），而 RLS 患者为 64%（p=0.003）。在使用镇静催眠药物的患者中，RLS 中更常见遗忘性 SRED 和梦游（80%），而 INS 中为 8%（p<0.0001）。此外，RLS 中的 NE 和 SRED 并非继发于多巴胺治疗，因为 RLS 患者在开始使用多巴胺药物后，NE 的频率明显下降（68%降至 34%；p=0.0026），并且没有多巴胺药物引起新的 NE 或 SRED 的情况。
NE 在 RLS 中很常见，不是由于夜间频繁觉醒或多巴胺药物引起的。遗忘性 SRED 主要发生在 RLS 患者使用镇静剂治疗不当的情况下。鉴于先前的报道，这些发现表明夜间进食是 RLS 的一种非运动症状，具有这里讨论的几个临床意义。
