Fölsch Christian, Mittelmeier Wolfram, Bilderbeek Uwe, Timmesfeld Nina, von Garrel Thomas, Peter Matter Hans
Department of Orthopedic Surgery University Hospital Marburg, Germany.
Transfus Med Hemother. 2012 Feb;39(1):36-40. doi: 10.1159/000335647. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
The recommendations for storage temperature of allogeneic bone are varying between -20 °C and -70 °C and down to -80 °C. The necessary temperature of storage is not exactly defined by scientific data, and the effect of different storage temperatures onto the biomechanical and the biological behavior is discussed controversially. METHODS: The historical development of storage temperature of bone banks is described. A survey on literature concerning the biomechanical and biological properties of allograft bone depending on the procurement and storage temperature is given as well as on national and international regulations on storage conditions of bone banks (European Council, American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB), European Association of Tissue Banks (EATB)). RESULTS: Short-term storage up to 6 months is recommended with -20 °C and -40 °C for a longer period (AATB), and EATB recommends storage at -40 °C and even -80 °C while the regulations of the German German Medical Association (Bundesärztekammer) from 2001 recommend storage at -70 °C. Duration of storage at -20 °C can be maintained at least for 2 years. The potential risk of proteolysis with higher storage temperatures remains, but a definite impairment of bone ingrowth due to a storage at -20 °C was not shown in clinical use, and no adverse biomechanical effects of storage at -20 °C could be proven. CONCLUSION: Biomechanical studies showed no clinically relevant impairment of biomechanical properties of cancellous bone due to different storage temperatures. Sterilization procedures bear the advantage of inactivating enzymatic activity though reducing the risk of proteolysis. In those cases a storage temperature of -20 °C can be recommended for at least a period of 2 years, and the risk of undesired effects seems to be low for native unprocessed bone.
同种异体骨的储存温度建议在-20℃至-70℃之间，甚至低至-80℃。科学数据并未明确界定必要的储存温度，不同储存温度对生物力学和生物学行为的影响存在争议。方法：描述了骨库储存温度的历史发展。给出了关于根据获取和储存温度而异的同种异体骨生物力学和生物学特性的文献综述，以及关于骨库储存条件的国家和国际法规（欧洲理事会、美国组织库协会（AATB）、欧洲组织库协会（EATB））。结果：建议短期储存6个月，-20℃，较长时间储存建议-40℃（AATB），EATB建议在-40℃甚至-80℃储存，而德国医学协会（Bundesärztekammer）2001年的法规建议在-70℃储存。在-20℃下的储存时间至少可维持2年。较高储存温度下存在蛋白水解的潜在风险，但在临床应用中未显示-20℃储存会对骨长入造成明确损害，也无法证明-20℃储存会产生不良生物力学影响。结论：生物力学研究表明，不同储存温度不会对松质骨的生物力学性能造成临床相关损害。灭菌程序虽能降低蛋白水解风险，但具有使酶活性失活的优势。在这些情况下，可建议在-20℃储存至少2年，对于未加工的天然骨，产生不良影响的风险似乎较低。
