Research Group of Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology & Food Toxicology, Inst of Environmental Sciences & Public Health, Univ of Gdańsk, 18 Sobieskiego Str, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
J Food Sci. 2012 Sep;77(9):H202-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02876.x. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Yellow-cracking Bolete (Xerocomus subtomentosus) mushrooms and soil were collected from Noteć Forest--a large forested enclave in western part of Poland. Mercury was determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy and the other elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. K, P, and Mg were particularly abundant, with mean values of 46000, 8400, and 1100 mg/kg dry weight (dw) in caps followed by Na, Rb, Zn, and Ca with mean concentrations of 580, 350, 200, and 170 mg/kg dw, respectively. In descending order, the mean concentrations of Fe, Al, Cu, and Mn were 52, 49, 46, and 14 mg/kg dw, while the mean for the remaining elements was around 1.0 mg/kg dw or less. The elements such as Ca, Cu, Hg, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb, Zn, Ag, Cd, and Ni were accumulated (with bioconcentration factor (BCF) > 1), while Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, Sr, Co, Cr, and Pb were excluded (BCF < 1) in the fruiting bodies. The Pb and Cd content did not exceed the maximum levels set by the EU for cultivated mushrooms. Mercury in a conventional meal (300 g) portion of Yellow-cracking Bolete was far below the provisionally tolerable weekly intake of 0.004 mg/kg body weight (bw) as reevaluated recently by WHO.
The method presented in this study allows one to determine the content of 20 elements (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr, and Zn) in caps and stipes of Yellow-cracking Bolete (Xerocomus subtomentosus) mushrooms and soil samples collected from Poland. This study has revealed that the total Cd, Hg, and Pb dose provided to human body due to consumption of Yellow-cracking Bolete does not pose threat to a consumer's health.
从波兰西部的大型森林飞地诺泰奇森林中采集了黄裂牛肝菌（Xerocomus subtomentosus）蘑菇和土壤。汞通过冷蒸气原子吸收光谱法测定，其他元素通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定。K、P 和 Mg 特别丰富，帽中平均值分别为 46000、8400 和 1100mg/kg 干重（dw），其次是 Na、Rb、Zn 和 Ca，浓度平均值分别为 580、350、200 和 170mg/kg dw。按浓度降序排列，Fe、Al、Cu 和 Mn 的平均值分别为 52、49、46 和 14mg/kg dw，而其余元素的平均值约为 1.0mg/kg dw 或更少。Ca、Cu、Hg、K、Mg、Na、P、Rb、Zn、Ag、Cd 和 Ni 等元素被积累（生物浓缩系数（BCF）>1），而 Al、Ba、Fe、Mn、Sr、Co、Cr 和 Pb 则被排除（BCF<1）在子实体中。黄裂牛肝菌（Xerocomus subtomentosus）的 Pb 和 Cd 含量未超过欧盟为栽培蘑菇设定的最大限量。在 WHO 最近重新评估的情况下，常规餐（300 克）中黄裂牛肝菌（Xerocomus subtomentosus）的汞含量远低于暂定可耐受每周摄入量 0.004mg/kg 体重（bw）。
本研究提供的方法可用于测定波兰采集的黄裂牛肝菌（Xerocomus subtomentosus）蘑菇帽和菌柄以及土壤样品中 20 种元素（Ag、Al、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、K、Mg、Mn、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、Sr 和 Zn）的含量。本研究表明，由于食用黄裂牛肝菌（Xerocomus subtomentosus）而摄入人体的总 Cd、Hg 和 Pb 剂量不会对消费者的健康构成威胁。
