Department of Urology, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Urol. 2013 Feb;20(2):161-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2012.03121.x. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Based on increasing evidence of the association between cancer-related inflammation and the progression of cancer, the external symptoms of systemic inflammatory response has been shown to be an indicator for the prognosis of many malignancies, including urological cancers. C-reactive protein, a representative acute-phase reactant, is a significant and sensitive inflammatory marker that can be objectively measured using reliable assays in clinical practice worldwide. C-reactive protein has been shown to be significant in the prediction of outcomes of urological cancers. The elevation of C-reactive protein levels, which indicate the presence of cancer-associated systemic inflammatory response, is linked to poorer survival in patients with urological cancers, including renal cell carcinoma, upper urinary tract and bladder cancers, and prostate cancer. With this strong prognostic ability, C-reactive protein can be incorporated into prognostic models and will make them simpler and improve their predictive accuracy. Furthermore, the longitudinal change of C-reactive protein level, C-reactive protein kinetics, provides additional information on patient survival outcomes. As such, C-reactive protein can be used to monitor treatment efficacy and disease course using serial measurements. In testicular cancer, C-reactive protein is associated with a risk of late complications, such as cardiovascular disease, and with the development of second non-germ-cell cancer. Taken together, these findings show that C-reactive protein can act as an important biomarker for urological cancers. This review discusses the importance of C-reactive protein as a prognostic biomarker in urological cancers on the basis of the currently available evidence.
基于癌症相关炎症与癌症进展之间关联的不断增加的证据，全身性炎症反应的外在症状已被证明是许多恶性肿瘤（包括泌尿系统癌症）预后的指标。C 反应蛋白作为一种代表性的急性期反应物，是一种在全球临床实践中使用可靠检测方法可客观测量的重要且敏感的炎症标志物。C 反应蛋白已被证明对预测泌尿系统癌症的预后具有重要意义。C 反应蛋白水平升高表明存在与癌症相关的全身性炎症反应，与泌尿系统癌症（包括肾细胞癌、上尿路和膀胱癌以及前列腺癌）患者的生存率较差相关。C 反应蛋白具有如此强大的预后能力，可将其纳入预后模型，使其更简单，并提高预测准确性。此外，C 反应蛋白水平的纵向变化（C 反应蛋白动力学）提供了有关患者生存结局的额外信息。因此，可以使用连续测量值来监测治疗效果和疾病过程。在睾丸癌中，C 反应蛋白与心血管疾病等晚期并发症的风险以及第二非生殖细胞癌的发生相关。综上所述，这些发现表明 C 反应蛋白可作为泌尿系统癌症的重要生物标志物。基于现有证据，本综述讨论了 C 反应蛋白作为泌尿系统癌症预后生物标志物的重要性。
