West J Emerg Med. 2012 May;13(2):139-45. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2011.7.6594.
Every year in the United States, thousands of young children are injured by passenger vehicles in driveways or parking areas. Little is known about risk factors, and incidence rates are difficult to estimate because ascertainment using police collision reports or media sources is incomplete. This study used surveillance at trauma centers to identify incidents and parent interviews to obtain detailed information on incidents, vehicles, and children.
Eight California trauma centers conducted surveillance of nontraffic pedestrian collision injury to children aged 14 years or younger from January 2005 to July 2007. Three of these centers conducted follow-up interviews with family members.
Ninety-four injured children were identified. Nine children (10%) suffered fatal injury. Seventy children (74%) were 4 years old or younger. Family members of 21 victims from this study (23%) completed an interview. Of these 21 interviewed victims, 17 (81%) were male and 13 (62%) were 1 or 2 years old. In 13 cases (62%), the child was backed over, and the driver was the mother or father in 11 cases (52%). Fifteen cases (71%) involved a sport utility vehicle, pickup truck, or van. Most collisions occurred in a residential driveway.
Trauma center surveillance can be used for case ascertainment and for collecting information on circumstances of nontraffic pedestrian injuries. Adoption of a specific external cause-of-injury code would allow passive surveillance of these injuries. Research is needed to understand the contributions of family, vehicular, and environmental characteristics and injury risk to inform prevention efforts.
每年在美国，都有数千名幼儿在车道或停车区被乘用车撞伤。人们对危险因素知之甚少，而且由于使用警察碰撞报告或媒体来源进行确定的方法不完整，因此很难估计发病率。本研究使用创伤中心的监测来确定事故，并对家长进行访谈，以获取有关事故、车辆和儿童的详细信息。
2005 年 1 月至 2007 年 7 月，加利福尼亚州的 8 个创伤中心对 14 岁或 14 岁以下非交通性行人碰撞伤儿童进行了监测。其中三个中心对家庭成员进行了随访访谈。
共确定了 94 名受伤儿童。9 名儿童（10%）遭受致命伤。70 名儿童（74%）年龄在 4 岁或 4 岁以下。从这项研究中，有 21 名受害者的家属完成了访谈（23%）。在这 21 名接受访谈的受害者中，17 名（81%）为男性，13 名（62%）为 1 岁或 2 岁。在 13 例（62%）中，儿童被倒车撞倒，司机是母亲或父亲，在 11 例（52%）中，司机是母亲或父亲。15 例（71%）涉及运动型多用途车、皮卡车或货车。大多数事故发生在住宅车道上。
创伤中心监测可用于确定病例，并收集有关非交通性行人受伤情况的信息。采用特定的外部损伤原因代码将允许对这些损伤进行被动监测。需要研究以了解家庭、车辆和环境特征以及伤害风险对伤害预防工作的贡献。
