Noguchi Y, Taguchi M, Takasugi M, Sakamoto T, Matsumoto K
Respiratory Clinic, Saitama Cancer Center, Japan.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi. 1990 Nov;28(11):1432-5.
We produced experimental murine Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia by air-borne infection using exposure apparatus (LD50: 9.7 X 10 C.F.U./lung). The MIC value of cefazolin was 1.56 micrograms/ml, and that of gentamicin was 0.39 micrograms/ml. We treated this murine pneumonia with aerosolized antibiotics. The infected mice received inhalation of 50 mg (5 mg/ml), 100 mg (10 mg/ml), 200 mg (20 mg/ml) and 400 mg (40 mg/ml) gentamicin were alive. Survival rate of the infected mice treated with inhalation of 1000 mg (100 mg/ml) cefazolin was low, but that of them received inhalation of 500 mg (50 mg/ml) cefazolin was high. On the basis of these experiments it is suggested that aerosol of 50 mg/ml cefazolin gets to alveoli, and inhalation therapy of low level of cephems is proper for bacterial respiratory infections. Inhalation therapy of 50 mg/ml cephem for chronic bronchitis had a marked clinical effect. This proves that aerosol of cephem gets to infected bronchi.
我们使用暴露装置通过空气传播感染制造了实验性小鼠肺炎克雷伯菌肺炎（半数致死量：9.7×10菌落形成单位/肺）。头孢唑林的最低抑菌浓度值为1.56微克/毫升，庆大霉素的最低抑菌浓度值为0.39微克/毫升。我们用雾化抗生素治疗这种小鼠肺炎。感染的小鼠吸入50毫克（5毫克/毫升）、100毫克（10毫克/毫升）、200毫克（20毫克/毫升）和400毫克（40毫克/毫升）庆大霉素后存活。吸入1000毫克（100毫克/毫升）头孢唑林治疗的感染小鼠存活率低，但吸入500毫克（50毫克/毫升）头孢唑林治疗的感染小鼠存活率高。基于这些实验，表明50毫克/毫升头孢唑林气雾剂可到达肺泡，低水平头孢菌素吸入疗法适用于细菌性呼吸道感染。50毫克/毫升头孢菌素吸入疗法对慢性支气管炎有显著临床效果。这证明头孢菌素气雾剂可到达感染的支气管。
