Institute for Behavior and Health, Inc., Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Addiction. 2013 May;108(5):839-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03978.x. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
This paper describes the goals and current practice of school-based random student drug testing (RSDT) as part of an overall drug prevention strategy, briefly explores the available literature evaluating its effectiveness and discusses the controversies related to RSDT.
The authors describe the rationale for RSDT programs and the prevalence of RSDT and other drug testing programs in schools. Eight major criticisms and controversies in RSDT are discussed, including those related to acceptance of RSDT, program effectiveness, costs, legality and effects of drug testing on students. The limitations of the current literature are explored.
Although there is limited empirical evidence to support or refute the efficacy of RSDT in schools, there remains substantial opposition to such programs, which may contribute to the paucity of empirical studies of RSDT.
Rigorous long-term evaluations are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of various versions of RSDT programs to prevent drug use and identify students in need of assistance to become and stay drug-free.
本文介绍了基于学校的随机学生药物测试（RSDT）作为整体药物预防策略的目标和当前实践，简要探讨了评估其效果的现有文献，并讨论了与 RSDT 相关的争议。
作者描述了 RSDT 计划的基本原理以及学校中 RSDT 和其他药物测试计划的流行程度。讨论了 RSDT 中的八项主要批评和争议，包括与 RSDT 的接受度、计划效果、成本、合法性以及药物测试对学生的影响相关的争议。还探讨了当前文献的局限性。
尽管有限的经验证据支持或反驳了学校中 RSDT 的功效，但仍存在对这些计划的强烈反对，这可能导致对 RSDT 的经验研究很少。
需要进行严格的长期评估，以评估各种版本的 RSDT 计划预防药物使用和识别需要帮助以保持无毒品的学生的效果。
