Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County 1000, Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 Dec 30;200(2-3):647-51. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.07.047. Epub 2012 Aug 18.
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) have been found to exist on a continuum in both general and clinical populations. Such experiences may characterize normal and abnormal variations in personality, as well as prodromal or high risk states for the development of psychotic disorders. High risk paradigms tend to emphasize distress and impairment associated with PLEs, yet the extent to which individuals find PLEs to be distressing likely depends on moderating factors. In particular, individuals high in trait schizotypy may differ in their appraisal and reaction to PLEs. The current study examines the relationship between schizotypy, PLEs, and distress associated with PLEs in a college sample. Participants (N=355) completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief Version (SPQ-B), which assesses schizotypal traits, and the Prodromal Questionnaire - Brief Version (PQ-B), which assesses both PLEs and associated distress. Schizotypy was found to significantly moderate the association between PLEs and subjective distress. Individuals high in trait schizotypy reported more PLEs, yet less distress associated with PLEs, relative to individuals low in trait schizotypy. Implications for high-risk state assessment are discussed.
精神病样体验（PLEs）在普通人群和临床人群中均存在连续统现象。这些体验可能是人格正常和异常变化的特征，也是精神病性障碍发展的前驱或高危状态。高危范式往往强调与 PLEs 相关的痛苦和损伤，但个体认为 PLEs 带来痛苦的程度可能取决于调节因素。特别是，特质性精神分裂症倾向高的个体在对 PLEs 的评估和反应上可能存在差异。本研究在大学生样本中考察了精神分裂症特质、PLEs 与 PLEs 相关痛苦之间的关系。参与者（N=355）完成了简明精神分裂症人格问卷（SPQ-B），该问卷评估精神分裂症特质，以及前驱症状问卷-简明版（PQ-B），该问卷评估 PLEs 及其相关痛苦。研究发现，精神分裂症特质显著调节 PLEs 与主观痛苦之间的关联。与特质性精神分裂症倾向低的个体相比，特质性精神分裂症倾向高的个体报告的 PLEs 更多，但与 PLEs 相关的痛苦较少。讨论了对高危状态评估的影响。
