Greenhalgh Clare, Evangeli Michael, Frize Graham, Foster Caroline, Fidler Sarah
Department of Clinical Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK.
AIDS Care. 2013;25(4):447-50. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2012.712671. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
Due to developments in anti-retroviral treatment, an increasing number of children with perinatally acquired HIV are now surviving into late adolescence and young adulthood. This cohort is facing normative challenges in terms of their intimate relationships as well as challenges that face all individuals with HIV regardless of the route of transmission (for example, concerns about disclosure). There may be additional issues specific to having grown up with HIV that affect intimate relationships, for example, the awareness of being HIV positive before the onset of intimate relationships and the way that identity is shaped by having lived with HIV from a young age. To date there has been some limited research on the experience of intimate relationships in perinatally infected adolescents but none in young adults. This exploratory study examined, in depth, experiences of intimate relationships in perinatally acquired young adults and how they perceived having grown up with HIV to have affected such relationships. Seven participants (five females, two males) aged 18-23 years, were interviewed, with the data analysed according to the principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three themes emerged that related to partners' perceptions of HIV: (1) HIV being viewed by partners as being linked to AIDS and sexual transmission, (2) discrepancy between young people and their partners' views of HIV, (3) partner views of risk of HIV transmission. There were strong links between participants' personal experiences of HIV-related challenges, for example, disclosure and HIV-related stigma, and their thinking about the perceptions of partners. These findings have important implications for supporting young people in disclosing their HIV status to intimate partners in appropriate ways. Suggestions for future research are offered.
由于抗逆转录病毒治疗的发展，越来越多围产期感染艾滋病毒的儿童如今存活至青春期后期和青年期。这一群体在亲密关系方面面临着常规挑战，同时也面临着所有艾滋病毒感染者（无论传播途径如何）都面临的挑战（例如，对披露病情的担忧）。对于在感染艾滋病毒的情况下成长起来的人而言，可能存在一些影响亲密关系的特定问题，例如，在开始亲密关系之前就知晓自己呈艾滋病毒阳性，以及从小与艾滋病毒共存对身份认同的塑造方式。迄今为止，关于围产期感染艾滋病毒的青少年亲密关系经历的研究有限，而针对青年成年人的此类研究则尚无。这项探索性研究深入考察了围产期感染艾滋病毒的青年成年人的亲密关系经历，以及他们如何看待在感染艾滋病毒的情况下成长对这类关系的影响。研究对7名年龄在18至23岁之间的参与者（5名女性，2名男性）进行了访谈，并根据解释现象学分析（IPA）原则对数据进行了分析。出现了与伴侣对艾滋病毒的看法相关的三个主题：（1）伴侣将艾滋病毒视为与艾滋病及性传播相关联；（2）年轻人与伴侣对艾滋病毒的看法存在差异；（3）伴侣对艾滋病毒传播风险的看法。参与者在与艾滋病毒相关挑战（例如，披露病情和与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感）方面的个人经历与他们对伴侣看法的思考之间存在紧密联系。这些发现对于以适当方式支持年轻人向亲密伴侣披露其艾滋病毒感染状况具有重要意义。文中还提供了对未来研究的建议。
