Wolke Dieter, Skew Alexandra J
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2012;24(1):17-25. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2012.004. Epub 2011 Nov 29.
Parents are often concerned about repeated conflicts between their daughters and sons. However, there is little empirical research of sibling bullying.
To conduct a review of existing studies of sibling bullying. Are there any associations between sibling bullying and peer bullying at school? What are the consequences of sibling bullying? Is there good justification why sibling bullying has been so neglected in research?
Studies of sibling relationships were reviewed. Four quantitative studies were identified that report on both sibling and peer bullying.
Sibling bullying is frequent with up to 50% involved in sibling bullying every month and between 16% and 20% involved in bullying several times a week. Experience of sibling bullying increases the risk of involvement in bullying in school. Both, bullying between siblings and school bullying make unique contributions to explaining behavioral and emotional problems. There is a clear dose-effect relationship of involvement of bullying at home and at school and behavioral or emotional problems. Those involved in both have up to 14 times increased odds of behavioral or emotional problems compared to those involved in only one context or not at all.
The empirical evidence is limited and studies are mostly cross-sectional studies. Nevertheless, the review suggests that for those victimized at home and at school behavioral and emotional problems are highly increased. Sibling relationships appear to be a training ground with implications for individual well-being. Strengthening families and parenting skills and increasing sibling support is likely to reduce bullying and increase well-being.
父母常常担心女儿和儿子之间反复发生冲突。然而，关于兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为的实证研究却很少。
对现有的兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为的研究进行综述。兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为与学校中的同伴霸凌行为之间是否存在关联？兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为会产生哪些后果？为什么兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为在研究中如此被忽视，是否有充分的理由？
对有关兄弟姐妹关系的研究进行综述。确定了四项定量研究，这些研究报告了兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为和同伴霸凌行为。
兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为很常见，每月有多达50%的人卷入其中，每周有16%至20%的人多次卷入。遭受兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为的经历会增加在学校卷入霸凌行为的风险。兄弟姐妹间霸凌行为和学校霸凌行为对解释行为和情绪问题都有独特的作用。在家中和学校卷入霸凌行为与行为或情绪问题之间存在明显的剂量效应关系。与仅在一种情境中卷入或完全未卷入的人相比，同时在两种情境中卷入的人出现行为或情绪问题的几率高出多达14倍。
实证证据有限，且研究大多为横断面研究。尽管如此，该综述表明，对于那些在家中和学校都遭受霸凌的人来说，行为和情绪问题会大幅增加。兄弟姐妹关系似乎是一个对个人幸福有影响的训练场。加强家庭和育儿技能以及增加兄弟姐妹间的支持可能会减少霸凌行为并增进幸福。
