Food for Health Ireland, Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork, Ireland.
Food Funct. 2012 Nov;3(11):1131-43. doi: 10.1039/c2fo30086a.
The incidence of obesity and obesity-associated diseases, such as type-2 diabetes, has reached epidemic proportions in recent years. It is predicted that by 2015 over 1.5 billion consumers will be overweight or obese. Several of the current drug-based treatments on the market for weight management and appetite control either lack efficacy or are associated with adverse side-effects. There is, therefore, an opportunity to develop functional foods which are both nutritionally beneficial but which also aid in weight management. Peptides produced in the gastrointestinal tract, which function to regulate feed intake and satiety, have been identified as key targets for bioactive ingredients in functional foods. These peptides are produced and released by specialised enteroendocrine cells. Understanding the interaction of foods with these cells is vital to the development of food matrices with positive health benefits. This review describes enteroendocrine cell populations in detail and focuses on the peptides that they produce in addition to their other functions, including taste transduction. Several food-based sources of bioactives and current food products on the market with beneficial effects on satiety and glycaemia will also be discussed.
近年来，肥胖症和肥胖相关疾病（如 2 型糖尿病）的发病率已达到流行程度。据预测，到 2015 年，将有超过 15 亿消费者超重或肥胖。目前市场上用于体重管理和食欲控制的一些基于药物的治疗方法要么缺乏疗效，要么与不良反应有关。因此，有机会开发既具有营养价值又有助于体重管理的功能性食品。在胃肠道中产生的、具有调节摄食量和饱腹感功能的肽，已被确定为功能性食品中生物活性成分的关键靶标。这些肽是由专门的肠内分泌细胞产生和释放的。了解食物与这些细胞的相互作用对于开发具有积极健康益处的食品基质至关重要。本综述详细描述了肠内分泌细胞群体，并重点介绍了它们除了其他功能（包括味觉转导）之外产生的肽。还将讨论几种基于食物的生物活性物质来源和目前市场上对饱腹感和血糖有益的食品产品。
